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Original Article
- Association of weight and dietary habits with high blood mercury levels in Korean adolescents: data from the KoNEHS cycle 4, 2018-2020
- Ji Hoon Kim, Minju Jung, Jaewon Mun, Dong-Jae Seo, Jong-Han Leem, Shin-Goo Park, Dong-Wook Lee, Hyung Doo Kim, Hwan-Cheol Kim
- Ann Occup Environ Med 2025;37:e5. Published online February 21, 2025
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2025.37.e5
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Abstract
Abstract in Korean
PDF
Supplementary Material - Background
Humans are exposed to mercury primarily in its highly toxic form, methyl mercury, which is known to have adverse effects on various organs and systems. The negative impact of mercury exposure on the growth, development, and mental health of children, from infancy to adolescence, is well-documented. However, there are no internationally standardized safe limits for mercury exposure. This study investigated the impact of dietary habits and higher body mass index (BMI) on blood mercury levels in adolescents.
Methods
This study analyzed the data from the 4th Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2018–2020. The focus was on 825 middle and high school students aged 13–18 years, whose blood mercury levels were measured. A survey on dietary and lifestyle habits was also conducted. Blood mercury levels were categorized by geometric median values, and associations with overweight status and seafood consumption were examined using a generalized linear model.
Results
The geometric mean blood mercury level for the entire sample was 1.37 μg/L, with levels of 1.31 μg/L in normal-weight individuals and 1.43 μg/L in overweight individuals, showing a statistically significant difference between the two groups. After adjusting for other variables, blood mercury levels were significantly associated with overweight status (estimate: 0.084; p = 0.018; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.015–0.153), consumption of large fish and tuna more than once a week (estimate: 0.18; p = 0.001; 95% CI: 0.077–0.284), and consumption of fish once a week or more (estimate: 0.147; p = 0.004; 95% CI: 0.043–0.250).
Conclusions
In adolescents, a higher BMI and an increased consumption of large fish, tuna, and fish were associated with higher blood mercury levels. Notably, a stronger association was found between large fish consumption and blood mercury levels in the overweight group. These findings suggest the need to moderate seafood consumption and establish more proactive mercury exposure standards for adolescents. - 한국 청소년에서 체중 및 식습관과 높은 혈중 수은 농도의 연관: KNHANES 제4기 데이터, 2018-2020
목적
수은은 독성이 강한 형태인 메틸 수은의 상태로 인간에게 주로 노출된다. 메틸 수은은 발달 및 정신건강측면을 포함한 인체 전반에 독성 영향이 있지만 현재 국제적으로 표준화된 수은 노출 기준이 없다. 특히나 영유아나 청소년은 발달이 아직 이루어지지 않아 성인에 비해 더 수은 노출의 위험도가 높다. 본 연구에서는 청소년의 식습관이나 과체중 여부가 혈중 수은 노출에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다.
방법
본 연구는 국립환경과학원에서 발간하는 제4기 국민환경보건 기초조사(2018-2020)를 활용하였다. 제4기 대상 중 혈중 수은 농도가 측정 된 13-18세의 중, 고등학생 825명을 대상으로 하였고 식습관이나 생활 습관에 대한 개인 설문을 활용하였다. 혈중 수은 농도 중위 값을 기준으로 구분하여 과체중 여부를 구분하여 각종 해산물 식습관과 혈중 수은 농도와의 연관성을 로지스틱 회귀 모델을 사용하여 조사하였고, 이 후 전체 연구 대상자를 대상으로 연관성을 조사하였다.
결과
전체 표본의 기하평균 혈중 수은 농도는 1.37 µg/L로, 정상체중 군은 1.31 µg/L, 과체중 군은 1.43 µg/L로 나타났으며, 두 군 간에 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 다른 변수들을 조정한 후, 혈중 수은 농도는 과체중 상태(추정값: 0.084; p-value: 0.018; 95% 신뢰구간[CI]: 0.015-0.153), 주 1회 이상 대형어류와 참치 섭취(추정값: 0.18; p-value: 0.001; 95% CI: 0.077-0.284), 주 1회 이상 어류 섭취(추정값: 0.147; p-value: 0.004; 95% CI: 0.043-0.250)와 유의미한 관계가 있었다.
결론
청소년에서 높은 BMI와 대형어류, 참치, 어류 섭취가 높은 혈중 수은 농도와 관련이 있었다. 특히, 과체중 그룹에서는 대형어류 섭취와 혈중 수은 농도 간의 강한 연관성이 발견되었다. 이 결과는 청소년을 위한 해산물 섭취 절제와 더 적극적인 수은 노출 기준 설정이 필요함을 시사한다. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Association between complex exposure to cadmium and mercury and atopic dermatitis in elementary school students: analysis using data from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) Cycle 4
Kiook Baek
Central European Journal of Public Health.2025; 33(1): 3. CrossRef
- Association between complex exposure to cadmium and mercury and atopic dermatitis in elementary school students: analysis using data from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) Cycle 4
- 4,862 View
- 422 Download
- 1 Web of Science
- 1 Crossref
Original Article
- Association between ambient particulate matter levels and hypertension: results from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study
- Sewhan Na, Jong-Tae Park, Seungbeom Kim, Jinwoo Han, Saemi Jung, Kyeongmin Kwak
- Ann Occup Environ Med 2023;35:e51. Published online December 4, 2023
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2023.35.e51
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Abstract
Abstract in Korean
PDFSupplementary Material
Background Recently, there has been increasing worldwide concern about outdoor air pollution, especially particulate matter (PM), which has been extensively researched for its harmful effects on the respiratory system. However, sufficient research on its effects on cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, remains lacking. In this study, we examine the associations between PM levels and hypertension and hypothesize that higher PM concentrations are associated with elevated blood pressure.
Methods A total of 133,935 adults aged ≥ 40 years who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were analyzed. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate the short- (1–14 days), medium- (1 and 3 months), and long-term (1 and 2 years) impacts of PM on blood pressure. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the medium- and long-term effects of PM on blood pressure elevation after adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, health-related lifestyle behaviors, and geographic areas.
Results Using multiple linear regression analyses, both crude and adjusted models generated positive estimates, indicating an association with increased blood pressure, with all results being statistically significant, with the exception of PM levels over the long-term period (1 and 2 years) in non-hypertensive participants. In the logistic regression analyses on non-hypertensive participants, moderate PM10 (particulate matter with diameters < 10 μm) and PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameters < 2.5 μm) levels over the long-term period and all high PM10 and PM2.5 levels were statistically significant after adjusting for various covariates. Notably, high PM2.5 levels of the 1 year exhibited the highest odds ratio of 1.23 (95% confidence interval: 1.19–1.28) after adjustment.
Conclusions These findings suggest that both short- and long-term exposure to PM is associated with blood pressure elevation.
- 대기 중 미세먼지 농도와 고혈압과의 연관성: 한국인유전체역학조사사업 자료를 기반으로
목적
환경보건에서 대기 중 미세먼지 농도의 중요성이 갈수록 커지고 있으나 아직 미세먼지 농도와 고혈압과의 연관성에 대한 연구 결과가 충분하지 못하여 확실한 결론을 내리기 어려운 상황에 처해있다. 본 연구는 대기 중 미세먼지 노출과 혈압 상승의 상관관계를 밝히는 데에 목적을 두고 있다.
방법
본 연구는 질병관리청 국립보건연구원에서 담당하고 있는 한국인유전체역학조사사업 코호트와 대기오염 모니터링 자료가 연계된 데이터에서 추출한 133,935 명을 대상으로 하였다. 다중선형 회귀분석과 로지스틱 회귀분석을 수행하여 대기 중 미세먼지 농도와 혈압 수준과의 상관관계를 평가하였다.
결과
다중선형 회귀분석에서는 성별, 나이 등과 같은 공변수들을 보정하기 전과 후 모두 통계적으로 유의하게 미세먼지 농도가 증가할수록, 혈압이 상승하였다. 로지스틱 회귀분석에서 고혈압의 오즈비(odds ratio; OR)는 높은 대기 중 미세먼지 농도에 노출된 참여자들에서 통계적으로 유의하게 증가한 반면, 중등도의 미세먼지 농도에 노출된 참여자들에서는 노출기간에 따라 결과가 달라지는 양상을 보였다.
결론
본 연구의 결과는 대기 중 미세먼지 노출이 고혈압 위험도 증가와 관련될 수 있음을 시사한다. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutant mixture and metabolic obesity phenotypes: Results from a nationwide Korean study (2007–2019)
Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon
Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology.2026; 36(1): 175. CrossRef - Long-term joint exposure of outdoor air pollutants and impaired kidney function in Korean adults: A mixture analysis based on a nationwide sample (2007–2019)
Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon
Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology.2025; 116: 104712. CrossRef - Association between exposure to ambient particulate matter and high sensitivity C-reactive protein: A nationwide study in South Korea, 2015–2018
Seong-Uk Baek, Jong-Uk Won, Yu-Min Lee, Jin-Ha Yoon
Atmospheric Environment.2024; 339: 120856. CrossRef
- Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutant mixture and metabolic obesity phenotypes: Results from a nationwide Korean study (2007–2019)
- 3,710 View
- 42 Download
- 3 Web of Science
- 3 Crossref
Research Article
- The effect of diabetes on 4-year changes of hearing thresholds in male workers exposed to noise in a single company: a longitudinal study
- Dae Yun Kim, A Ram Kim, Joo Hyun Sung, Choong Ryeol Lee, Jiho Lee
- Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:e11. Published online June 28, 2019
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2019.31.e11
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Abstract
PDF
Background Recently, several studies have assessed the association between diabetes and hearing impairment. However, the effect of diabetes on hearing impairment is not well known in diabetic patients exposed to noise, a typical cause of hearing impairment. The aim of this study is to longitudinally analyze the effect of diabetes on hearing impairment in workers exposed to similar noise levels from 2013 to 2017 who had experienced little change in their working conditions.
Methods The study subjects included 2,087 male workers exposed to noise in a single company and who underwent health examinations at the same hospital in Ulsan city in 2013 and 2017. Hearing impairment was defined that a pure-tone average of pure-tone audiometry (PTA) thresholds at 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, and 4,000 Hz was 25 dB and over in both ears. Statistical analyses were conducted using χ2 tests, ANOVA, and Cox proportional hazard models. We analyzed covariates that might affect hearing impairment, including age; working period; levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and serum creatinine; smoking and alcohol history; and noise level.
Results The average PTA thresholds and their average changes between 2013 and 2017 were significant in the diabetes mellitus (DM) group than those in the normal and impaired fasting glucose group. Among the subjects with the same status of fasting glucose group in 2013 and 2017, the adjusted hazard ratios for incident hearing impairment among those in the DM group compared to normal group were 3.35 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54–7.29) in the left ear and 5.66 (95% CI, 2.01–15.98) in the right ear.
Conclusions This study suggested that the risk of hearing impairment in the DM group was significantly higher than that in the normal group in both ears, even when exposed to similar noise levels.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Individual and combined effects of noise exposure and diabetes mellitus on hearing
Lan Zhang, Hui Liao, Zongnan Li, Jianhui Yuan
Noise and Health.2024; 26(123): 449. CrossRef - Noise-induced Hearing Loss among Non-Medical Workers in a Healthcare Institution
Manju Deena Mammen, Ann Mary Augustine, Anjali Lepcha, Jessie Sophia Sharma, Arockiaraj Arul Prakash, Ajay Philip
The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health.2023; 13(1): 13. CrossRef
- Individual and combined effects of noise exposure and diabetes mellitus on hearing
- 1,954 View
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- 2 Crossref
Research Article
- A study of relationship between blood mercury concentration and hypertension in residents living in old mine fields and related factors
- Jeong Woo Kim, Byoung Gwon Kim, Jeong Woo Park, Jong Woo Yi, Jung Il Kim, Young Seoub Hong
- Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:e6. Published online May 30, 2019
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2019.31.e6
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Abstract
PDF
Background In Korea, around the abandoned metal mines, heavy metals are being accumulating in the cultivated areas. Among exposed heavy metals, mercury is known to harm for cardiovascular system known to affect blood pressure. So, we studied the relationship between blood mercury level and hypertension in residents around abandoned metal mines.
Methods From 2008 to 2011, we surveyed 7,055 residents in provinces affected by abandoned metal mines and collected data from 6 Hospitals. We conducted a personal questionnaire interview survey with residents on the basis of household questionnaires, sex, age, household income, smoking, and drinking items. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between blood mercury level and hypertension.
Results We compared residents with low and high groups based on blood mercury level 5.8 μg/L, and higher group was significantly higher risk of hypertension than lower group (odds ratio [OR]: 1.277; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.135–1.436), also in adjusted model, higher group was significantly higher risk of hypertension than lower group (OR: 1.276; 95% CI: 1.117–1.457).
Conclusions This study showed a significant correlation between mercury and hypertension in residents around abandoned metal mines. Therefore, we should continuously monitor people who are higher than the standard value and the hypertensive patients.
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Citations
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Xue Feng Hu, Allison Loan, Hing Man Chan
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Nayra Carla de Melo, Priscilla Cristovam Sampaio e Souza, Rejane Correa Marques, José Vicente Elias Bernardi, Wanderley Rodrigues Bastos, Mônica Pereira Lima Cunha
Environmental Research.2024; 257: 119391. CrossRef - Associations of fine particulate matter and its metal constituents with blood pressure: A panel study during the seventh World Military Games
Zhaoyuan Li, Shouxin Peng, Meijin Chen, Jinhui Sun, Feifei Liu, Huaiji Wang, Hao Xiang
Environmental Research.2023; 217: 114739. CrossRef - Evaluation of the Relationship between the Exposure Level to Mixed Hazardous Heavy Metals and Health Effects Using Factor Analysis
Eunseop Kim, Sun-In Moon, Dong-Hyuk Yim, Byung-Sun Choi, Jung-Duck Park, Sang-Yong Eom, Yong-Dae Kim, Heon Kim
Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2022; 48(4): 236. CrossRef - Blood cadmium, lead, manganese, mercury, and selenium levels in American Indian populations: The Strong Heart Study
Zheng Li, Michael Lewin, Patricia Ruiz, Anne E. Nigra, Noelle B. Henderson, Jeffery M. Jarrett, Cynthia Ward, Jianhui Zhu, Jason G. Umans, Marcia O'Leary, Ying Zhang, Angela Ragin-Wilson, Ana Navas-Acien
Environmental Research.2022; 215: 114101. CrossRef - Co-exposure to Heavy Metals and Hypertension Among Adults in South Korea
Kisok Kim, Hyejin Park
Exposure and Health.2022; 14(1): 139. CrossRef - Effects of low-level mercury exposure on brain-derived neurotrophic factor in preschool children
Can-Can Zhou, Hui Fu, Guo-Yan Zhang, Jia-Wei Ma, Min Ni, Dong-Jie Li, Fu-Ming Shen, Fang Huang
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety.2021; 208: 111642. CrossRef - Hydrogen sulfide and cardiovascular disease: Doubts, clues, and interpretation difficulties from studies in geothermal areas
Francesca Gorini, Elisa Bustaffa, Kyriazoula Chatzianagnostou, Fabrizio Bianchi, Cristina Vassalle
Science of The Total Environment.2020; 743: 140818. CrossRef
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Research Article
- The association between cadmium and lead exposure and blood pressure among workers of a smelting industry: a cross-sectional study
- Hyun Chan An, Joo Hyun Sung, Jiho Lee, Chang Sun Sim, Sang Hoon Kim, Yangho Kim
- Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:47. Published online October 4, 2017
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0202-z
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Abstract
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Background Lead and cadmium are harmful heavy metals that are used for a variety of occupational purposes. Considering their potentially hazardous effects on health, studies on the association between exposure to these two heavy metals and health disorders have been actively conducted. This study aimed to determine the association between blood lead and cadmium levels and blood pressure in workers exposed to lead and cadmium in a smelter.
Methods Nine hundred and sixty-three male workers who worked in a smelter, and underwent medical examinations at the Ulsan University Hospital between January 1 and December 31, 2014, were selected as participants. Among them, 310 subjects whose data on height, weight, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, and blood lead and cadmium levels were available and who answered the questionnaire were selected as the final participants. We investigated the drinking habit, smoking status, exercise adequacy, and family history of hypertension of these workers using formal questionnaires. A statistical analysis was conducted using Student’s
t -test, analysis of variance, and linear or logistic regression.Results The association between blood lead and cadmium levels and blood pressure was analyzed through statistical adjustment of the risk factors of hypertension. Results showed an association between blood cadmium level and blood pressure elevation. However, blood lead level was found to be not correlated with blood pressure elevation.
Conclusions This study shows the association between blood cadmium level and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) elevation.
Trial registration IRB No. 2017–03-037. Retrospectively Registered 30 March 2017.
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Research Article
- The associations between blood mercury levels and shark meat intake among workers in Gyeongsangbuk-do
- Gun Il Park, Young Seok Byun, Man Joong Jeon, Joon Sakong
- Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:29. Published online June 27, 2017
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0185-9
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Abstract
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Background Shark meat is used as sacrificial food in Gyeongsangbuk-do, and is a major source of dietary mercury. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of shark meat intake or the ritual of
Jesa on blood mercury levels within workers living in Gyeongsangbuk-do.Methods This study was conducted from September 2016 to October 2016 in two cities of Gyeongsangbuk-do. To compare the differences between urban and rural areas, two workplaces each in Daegu as the urban area and Yeongcheon as the rural area were selected. General characteristics and characteristics related to shark meat consumption of the workers were acquired by personal interviews during their health examination. Blood mercury concentrations were analyzed by the gold amalgamation method using a direct mercury analyzer (DMA-80; Milestone Inc., Shelton, CT, USA).
Results The shark consumption group had a higher blood mercury concentration than the non-consumption group. The levels of blood mercury increased with the frequency, annual intake, as well as most recent date of shark meat consumption. Moreover, the levels of mercury in blood increased according to the annual frequency of participation in
Jesa (times per year) and the annual frequency of shark meat consumption duringJesa (times per year).Conclusions Shark meat intake and the ritual of
Jesa contributed to an increase in the blood mercury levels of workers in Gyeongsangbuk-do. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate dietary exposure, occupational as well as other factors that may influence blood mercury concentrations in workers during their health examination, particularly in regions with high mercury exposures.-
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Research Article
- Night shift work and inflammatory markers in male workers aged 20–39 in a display manufacturing company
- Seong-Woo Kim, Eun-Chul Jang, Soon-Chan Kwon, Wook Han, Min-Sung Kang, Young-Hyeon Nam, Yong-Jin Lee
- Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:48. Published online September 20, 2016
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0135-y
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Abstract
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Background This study aimed to determine the association between shift work and inflammatory markers, which are independent risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, in male manual workers at a display manufacturing company.
Methods This study was conducted between June 1 and July 31, 2015 on 244 male manual workers aged 20–39 years old at a display manufacturing company and investigated age, marital status, education level, alcohol consumption habit, smoking habit, regular exercise habit, sleep duration, sleep debt, sleep insufficiency, past medical history, current and past shift work experience, duration of shift work, and weekly work hours through face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires and performed blood tests. Study participants were divided into daytime, former shift, and current shift workers based on the work schedule. Chi-square tests and one-way analyses of variance were performed to compare inflammatory markers and cardiovascular disease risk factors, and analyses of covariance were conducted after adjusting for variables potentially affecting inflammatory markers.
Results High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP; mean ± standard deviation) levels in daytime, former shift, and current shift workers were 0.65 ± 0.43, 0.75 ± 0.43, and 0.86 ± 0.72 mg/L, respectively (
p = 0.029). The leukocyte count (mean ± standard deviation) was 5,556 ± 1,123, 6,210 ± 1,366, and 6,530 ± 1,216 cells/μL, respectively (p < 0.001). Both hs-CRP level and leukocyte count were significantly higher in current shift workers than in daytime workers, and leukocyte count was higher in former shift workers than in daytime workers. After adjusting for variables potentially affecting inflammatory markers, hs-CRP levels (adjusted mean ± standard deviation) in daytime and current shift workers were 0.59 ± 0.06 and 0.92 ± 0.07 mg/L, respectively (p = 0.002). The leukocyte count (adjusted mean ± standard deviation) was 5,557 ± 124 and 6,498 ± 144 cells/μL, respectively (p < 0.001).Conclusions A significant association between shift work and increases in inflammatory markers was confirmed. Because chronic low-grade inflammation plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, regular follow-up of inflammatory markers as a marker of cardiovascular diseases in shift workers may serve as an early indicator in predicting the effects of shift work on health.
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Research Article
- Risks of borderline liver enzyme abnormalities to the incidence of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes mellitus: a 7 year follow up study of workers
- Jin-Hyun Yu, Jin-Seok Kim, Mee-Ra Lee, Seong-Yong Yoon, Seong-Yong Cho, Seung-Hyun Yoo, Boo-Il Kim
- Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:18. Published online April 7, 2016
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0105-4
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Abstract
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Background The aim of this study was to identify the relationships between borderline serum liver enzyme abnormalities and the incidence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes mellitus (DM) during a 7-year follow-up of workers, and to evaluate the quantitative level of risks.
Methods A total of 749 workers in an electronics manufacturing company were divided into the normal fasting blood glucose (
n = 633), IFG (n = 98), and DM (n = 18) groups, according to the results of their health checkup in 2006. Among 633 workers in the normal group, excluding 55 workers who were impossible to follow, incidence rate and relative risks of 578 workers to the IFG or DM in 2013 according to the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GTP) were investigated. The liver enzyme levels were categorized as A (normal), B (borderline elevation), and R (definite elevation) following the standard of the National Health Insurance Service of Korea.Results The incidence rate of IFG or DM based on ALT level was 9.7 % for the A, 30.0 % for B, and 15.4 % for R. According to γ-GTP, the incidence rate was 9.8 % for A, 34.5 % for B, and 25.0 % for R. The relative risk(RR) to the incidence of IFG or DM depending on the level of ALT were 3.09 in B and 1.59 in R compared to A. According to γ-GTP, RR was 3.52 in B and 2.55 in R compared to A. AST level was not related to the incidence of IFG or DM. A multiple logistic regression analysis with the incidence of IFG or DM as a dependent variable resulted in an odds ratio of 2.664(1.214–5.849) for B level ALT, 3.685(1.405–9.667) for B level of γ-GTP even after adjustment for other variables such as age, sex, body mass index, AUDIT score, systolic blood pressure, and triglyceride.
Conclusions Even borderline elevations of ALT and γ-GTP, but not AST, increased the incidence and risk of IFG or DM after 7 years. Borderline elevation of ALT and γ-GTP was identified as an independent risk factor of IFG or DM.
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Xuangao Wu, Ting Zhang, Sunmin Park
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Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Considering serum alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels together strengthen the prediction of impaired fasting glucose risk: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study
Ji Hye Jeong, Susie Jung, Kyu-Nam Kim
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Association of liver enzymes levels with fasting plasma glucose levels in Southern China: a cross-sectional study
Ling-Ling Huang, Dong-Hui Guo, Hui-Yan Xu, Song-Tao Tang, Xiao Xiao Wang, Yong-Ping Jin, Peixi Wang
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Gyuri Kim, Suk-Yong Jang, Chung Mo Nam, Eun Seok Kang
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- Dietary quality, perceived health, and psychological status as key risk factors for newly developed metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease in a longitudinal study
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Research Article
- Blood lead levels of Korean lead workers in 2003–2011
- Ji-Hye Kim, Eun-A Kim, Dong-Hee Koh, Kiwhan Byun, Hyang-Woo Ryu, Sang-Gil Lee
- Ann Occup Environ Med 2014;26:30. Published online October 1, 2014
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-014-0030-3
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Abstract
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Objectives This study aimed to document the trend in blood lead levels in Korean lead workers from 2003 until 2011 and blood lead levels within each of the main industries.
Methods Nine years (2003–2011) of blood lead level data measured during a special health examination of Korean lead workers and collected by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency were analyzed. Blood lead levels were determined by year, and a geometric mean (GM) was calculated for each industry division.
Results The overall GM blood lead level for all years combined (n = 365,331) was 4.35 μg/dL. The GM blood lead level decreased from 5.89 μg/dL in 2003 to 3.53 μg/dL in 2011. The proportion of the results ≥30 μg/dL decreased from 4.3% in 2003 to 0.8% in 2011. In the “Manufacture of Electrical Equipment” division, the GM blood lead level was 7.80 μg/dL, which was the highest among the industry divisions. The GM blood lead levels were 7.35 μg/dL and 6.77 μg/dL in the “Manufacturers of Rubber and Plastic Products” and the “Manufacture of Basic Metal Products” division, respectively.
Conclusions The blood lead levels in Korean lead workers decreased from 2003 to 2011 and were similar to those in the US and UK. Moreover, workers in industries conventionally considered to have a high risk of lead exposure also tended to have relatively high blood lead levels compared to those in other industries.
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Sungjin Park, Jaeyoung Park, Bumjoon Lee, Yi-Ryoung Lee, Jiho Kim, Younmo Cho, Hyeongyeong Choi, Kyeongyeon Kim
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Ali Sabeeh Ali
European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences.2024; 2(6): 305. CrossRef - Evaluation of Temporal Trends of Lead Exposure in Korean Workers Using Workplace Monitoring Data
Dong-Hee Koh, Sangjun Choi, Ju-Hyun Park, Sang-Gil Lee, Hwan-Cheol Kim, Inah Kim, Jong-Uk Won, Dae Sung Lim, Hoekyeong Seo, Dong-Uk Park
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - The lead burden of occupational lead-exposed workers in Guangzhou, China: 2006–2019
Jiabin Liang, Jieyan Cai, Jiaming Guo, Jianping Mai, Liping Zhou, Jinwei Zhang, Yimin Liu, Zhi Wang
Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health.2022; 77(5): 403. CrossRef - Does Exposure of Lead and Cadmium Affect the Endometriosis?
Min-Gi Kim, Young-Sun Min, Yeon-Soon Ahn
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(17): 9077. CrossRef - Chronic Stress and Cardiovascular Disease among Individuals Exposed to Lead: A Pilot Study
Emmanuel Obeng-Gyasi, Barnabas Obeng-Gyasi
Diseases.2020; 8(1): 7. CrossRef - Joint Toxicity of a Multi-Heavy Metal Mixture and Chemoprevention in Sprague Dawley Rats
Yafei Wang, Yuqing Tang, Zhou Li, Qihang Hua, Li Wang, Xin Song, Baobo Zou, Min Ding, Jinshun Zhao, Chunlan Tang
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(4): 1451. CrossRef - Collective exposure to lead from an approved natural product-derived drug in Korea
Dae-Young Lim, Won-Yang Kang, Ji-Sung Ahn, Seunghyeon Cho, Suwhan Kim, Jai-Dong Moon, Byung-Chan Lee, Won-Ju Park
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - Estimation of Lead Exposure Prevalence in Korean Population through Combining Multiple Experts’ Judgment based on Objective Data Sources
Dong-Hee Koh, Ju-Hyun Park, Sang-Gil Lee, Hwan-Cheol Kim, Sangjun Choi, Hyejung Jung, Jae-Oh Park, Dong-Uk Park
Annals of Work Exposures and Health.2018; 62(2): 210. CrossRef - Mean Blood Lead Level in Iranian Workers: A Systematic and Meta-Analysis
Milad Azami, Zainab Tardeh, Akram Mansouri, Ali Soleymani, Kourosh Sayehmiri
Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal.2018;[Epub] CrossRef - Lead Poisoning at an Indoor Firing Range
Kyung Wook Kang, Won-Ju Park
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2017; 32(10): 1713. CrossRef - Occupational Lead Exposure from Indoor Firing Ranges in Korea
Won-Ju Park, Suk-Ho Lee, Se-Ho Lee, Hye-Sik Yoon, Jai-Dong Moon
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2016; 31(4): 497. CrossRef - Blood Lead Levels and Cause-Specific Mortality of Inorganic Lead-Exposed Workers in South Korea
Min-Gi Kim, Jae-Hong Ryoo, Se-Jin Chang, Chun-Bae Kim, Jong-Ku Park, Sang-Baek Koh, Yeon-Soon Ahn, Max Costa
PLOS ONE.2015; 10(10): e0140360. CrossRef
- Occupational Lead Exposure Among Civilian Indoor Shooting Range Workers in Korea: A Report of Blood Lead Levels and Airborne Lead
- 2,003 View
- 3 Download
- 13 Web of Science
- 13 Crossref
Original Article
- The Relationship Between Amalgam Tooth Fillings and Concentration of Blood Mercury in Elementary School Students in Korea
- Kyu Hwa Lee, Man Joong Jeon, Yun Chul Hong, Jong Han Leem, Mi Na Ha, Ho Jang Kwon, Joon Sakong
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(4):420-427. Published online December 31, 2011
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.4.420
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
The adverse health effects of mercury in dental amalgam have not yet been clarified. This study was conducted to examine the effects of dental amalgam on the concentration of blood mercury in Korean children.
METHODS
A total of 1,275 students were enrolled in the elementary school in Seoul, Incheon, and Daegu. The number and location of dental amalgam filling of teeth were ascertained by oral examination. Dietary habits-including frequency of seafood intake-and other demographic factors were obtained from the children's parents. The concentration of blood mercury was measured by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer to which a hydride generator was installed.
RESULTS
The geometric mean of blood mercury concentration was 1.91 microg/L. It was found that elementary school students in Seoul and the 4th grade elementary school students have the lowest concentration of blood mercury among the study groups. Both linear and secondary linear increase of the concentration of blood mercury, depending on the number of dental amalgam fillings, were statistically significant (p-trend < 0.01, p-quadratic < 0.01). As a result of multiple regression analysis on the blood mercury concentration of elementary school students, the regression coefficient (beta) of a dental amalgam filling was found to be 0.027 (standard error = 0.014, p = 0.048).
CONCLUSIONS
In children, the dental amalgam fillings were significantly contribute to the concentration of blood mercury. To accurately assess the effect of dental amalgam on the concentration of body mercury, further studies using the concentration of urine mercury are needed.
- 688 View
- 2 Download
Original Article
- Association Between Blood Lead Concentration and Computerized Neurobehavioral Performance in Korean Elementary School Students
- Yeon Cheol Kim, Man Joong Jeon, Yun Chul Hong, Chul Gab Lee, Mi Na Ha, Ho Jang Kwon, Joon Sakong
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(2):183-191. Published online June 30, 2011
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.2.183
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to evaluate association between computerized neurobehavioral performance and blood lead concentration in Korean elementary school students.
METHODS
The subjects were 1,077 elementary school students of Seoul, Busan, Daegu and Gwangju. Blood lead concentration was measured and computerized neurobehavioral performance tests were performed.
RESULTS
Blood lead concentration of the subjects was in the range of 0.20 and 7.39 microg/dl. The geometric mean of the subjects' blood lead concentration was 1.41 microg/dl. As blood lead concentration increased, reaction time to the symbol digit tended to increase significantly and linearly. As a result of LOWESS(locally weighted scatterplot smoothing), increasing reaction time to the symbol digit was observed.
CONCLUSIONS
As blood lead concentration under the CDC (center for disease control and prevention) reference value increased, reaction time to the symbol digit tended to increase. But, as the number of subjects over 3 microg/dl is small, it is difficult to make a definite conclusion. If confounding variables are controlled properly in a follow-up study, we can obtain a more definite conclusion. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Association of heavy metal complex exposure and neurobehavioral function of children
Minkeun Kim, Chulyong Park, Joon Sakong, Shinhee Ye, So young Son, Kiook Baek
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Performance assessment on the Korean Computerized Neurobehavioral Test using a mobile device and a conventional computer: an experimental study
Young Seok Byun, Sung Kyu Park, Joon Sakong, Man Joong Jeon
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef - The association between lead concentration in the blood and neurobehavioral performance of children
Dae-Seon Kim, Seungchul Ahn, Seungdo Yu, Eun-Hee Lee
Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences.2012; 4(2): 87. CrossRef - Evaluation of reliability of computerized neurobehavioral tests in Korean children
Kyeong-Soo Lee, Man-Joong Jeon, Tae-Yoon Hwang, Chang-Yoon Kim, Joon Sakong
NeuroToxicology.2012; 33(5): 1362. CrossRef
- Association of heavy metal complex exposure and neurobehavioral function of children
- 734 View
- 0 Download
- 4 Crossref
Original Article
- The Effects of Smoking and Drinking on Blood Lead and Cadmium Levels: Data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
- Boram Lee, Jaehyeok Ha
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(1):31-41. Published online March 31, 2011
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.1.31
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of smoking and drinking on blood lead and cadmium levels based on a dose-response relationship in the general Korean adult population.
METHODS
The study population consisted of 1,901 Koreans, who took part in the 2008 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, in which blood lead and cadmium levels were measured. Geometric mean concentrations and their 95% confidence intervals of metals in blood were estimated by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusting for demographic and lifestyle factors.
RESULTS
We observed a statistically significant dose-response relationship with daily smoking amount/alcohol intake and blood lead/cadmium levels. While daily smoking amount was more consistent with blood cadmium level (0.1-0.2 microg/L per 5 cigarettes), blood lead concentrations were higher as daily alcohol intake increased (0.1-0.2 microg/dL per 10 gram of alcohol).
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings clearly support a relationship between daily smoking amount/alcohol intake and blood lead/cadmium levels, suggesting an additional reason towards efforts to reduce smoking and drinking habits. -
Citations
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Sunmi Kim
STRESS.2024; 32(1): 46. CrossRef - Association between Atopic Dermatitis and Hyperuricemia in the Adult Korean Population based on the 7th and 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Sunmi Kim
Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2023; 23(4): 198. CrossRef - Relationship between Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Hyperuricemia Based on the 7th and 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Sunmi Kim
Korean Journal of Clinical Geriatrics.2023; 24(3): 104. CrossRef - Exposure Assessment of Heavy Metals using Exposure Biomarkers among Residents Living Near a Chungcheongnam-do Province Industrial Complex Area
Yosub Joo, Sangchul Roh
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2016; 42(3): 213. CrossRef - Health Effect and Blood Lead Concentration among Residents in Gwangyang and Yeosu
Heejin Park, Myung-Kyu Park, Tack-Shin Kang, Geun-Bae Kim, Jong-Wha Lee, Bong-Ki Jang, Bu-Soon Son
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2016; 42(3): 205. CrossRef - Association of among alcohol consumption and blood vitamin D and lead concentrations: Based on 2010-2012 Korea national health and nutrition examination survey
Ho-Ki An, Jae-Yong Park, Hee-Jung Yoon
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(1): 498. CrossRef - Association between secondhand smoke exposure and blood lead and cadmium concentration in community dwelling women: the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010–2012)
Se Young Jung, Suyeon Kim, Kiheon Lee, Ju Young Kim, Woo Kyung Bae, Keehyuck Lee, Jong-Soo Han, Sarah Kim
BMJ Open.2015; 5(7): e008218. CrossRef - Simultaneous Exposure to Heavy Metals among Residents in the Industrial Complex: Korean National Cohort Study
Heejin Park, Kyoungho Lee, Chan-Seok Moon, Kyungsook Woo, Tack-Shin Kang, Eun-Kyung Chung, Bu-Soon Son
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2015; 12(6): 5905. CrossRef - A Study on Concentrations of Heavy Metal in Blood and Urine of Local Area in Korea
Ji-Young Im, Eun-Kyung Chung, Hee-Jin Park, Seungdo Yu, Bong-Ki Jang, Bu-Soon Son
Journal of Environmental Science International.2013; 22(1): 59. CrossRef - Smoking Prevalence and the Association between Smoking and Sociodemographic Factors Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data, 2008 to 2010
Sungroul Kim
Tobacco Use Insights.2012;[Epub] CrossRef - The association of heavy metals in blood, fish consumption frequency, and risk of cardiovascular diseases among Korean adults: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2010)
Ji-Ye Shin, Ji-Myung Kim, Yuri Kim
Korean Journal of Nutrition.2012; 45(4): 347. CrossRef
- Association between Suicidal Ideation and Blood Cadmium Levels Based on the 3rd to 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
- 822 View
- 4 Download
- 11 Crossref
Original Article
- Association of Blood Mercury Level and Neurobehavioral Performance in Korean Elementary School Students
- Joon Sakong, Man Joong Jeon, Sung Ho Yun, Yun Chul Hong, Chul Gab Lee, Young Ki Kim, Mina Ha, Ho Jang Kwon
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(4):324-330. Published online December 31, 2010
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.4.324
-
Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to examine the effect of blood mercury on neurobehavioral performance in Korean elementary school students.
METHODS
We measured the blood mercury concentration in 1,077 elementary school students from Seoul, Busan, Daegu and Gwangju, then the students underwent computerized neurobehavioral test.
RESULTS
The mean concentration of blood mercury of study subjects was 2.10 microg/L. An increased blood mercury was associated with an increased reaction time in digit addition and symbol digit.
CONCLUSIONS
The blood mercury concentration of study subjects was very high compared to findings in a foreign country. We found several associations between blood mercury level and neurobehavioral performance. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Performance assessment on the Korean Computerized Neurobehavioral Test using a mobile device and a conventional computer: an experimental study
Young Seok Byun, Sung Kyu Park, Joon Sakong, Man Joong Jeon
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef - Evaluation of reliability of computerized neurobehavioral tests in Korean children
Kyeong-Soo Lee, Man-Joong Jeon, Tae-Yoon Hwang, Chang-Yoon Kim, Joon Sakong
NeuroToxicology.2012; 33(5): 1362. CrossRef
- Performance assessment on the Korean Computerized Neurobehavioral Test using a mobile device and a conventional computer: an experimental study
- 702 View
- 1 Download
- 2 Crossref
Original Article
- The Effects of the Frequency of Fish Consumption on the Blood Mercury Levels in Koreans
- Chan Woo Kim, Young Wook Kim, Chang Ho Chae, Jun Seok Son, Seung Hyun Park, Jae Chul Koh, Dae Seon Kim
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(2):114-121. Published online June 30, 2010
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.2.114
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVE: We studied two districts in Korea in order to investigate if the frequency of fish consumption has an effect on the blood mercury levels.
METHODS
This survey was conducted on 164 fishing district residents in Geoje city and 219 agricultural district residents in Changwon city from July to August in 2008. The data on the demographic characteristics, the living environment, lifestyle habits and the frequency of fish consumption was collected by interviewers. We used ANOVA to estimate the particular relevance between the frequency of fish consumption and the blood mercury concentration, and other various factors.
RESULTS
The mean total blood mercury level was 6.54+/-4.01 microgram/L for the total study population. Our results were even higher than that of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (USA) in, 2001~2002 and the German Environmental Survey in, 1998. In this study, there was a significant difference for the frequency of eating fish between the groups. (p<0.01, The level of the groups that ate fish 3 to 4 times per week was significantly higher as compared with the level of the other groups that ate fish 2 to 3 times per month and 1 to 2 times per week, respectively). As the frequency of fish consumption increased, so did the blood mercury concentration.
CONCLUSIONS
We found that the blood mercury concentration increases along with fish consumption and this was statistically significant and this fact reveals that fish consumption is positively related to the blood levels of mercury. Accordingly, we need systematic and periodic research on the general population to prevent mercury poisoning, which can be caused by low-level mercury exposure from dietary intake such as chronic fish consumption. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Association between Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Heavy Metal Concentrations in Young Children: Based on Data from The Korean National Environmental Health Survey Cycle 3 Ministry of Environment (2015-2017)
Hyunsik Mo, Sangshin Park
Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2025; 50(2): 192. CrossRef - Infantile allergic diseases: a cohort study prenatal fish intake and mercury exposure context
Surabhi Shah, Hae Soon Kim, Yun-Chul Hong, Hyesook Park, Mina Ha, Yangho Kim, Ji Hyen Lee, Eun-Hee Ha
BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Association of Blood Mercury Level with the Risk of Depression According to Fish Intake Level in the General Korean Population: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008–2013
Kyung Won Kim, Sundara Raj Sreeja, Minji Kwon, Ye Lee Yu, Mi Kyung Kim
Nutrients.2020; 12(1): 189. CrossRef - Level of Blood Lead and Urine Cotinine of Residents by Area
Yu-Jin Oh, Hyoung-Wook Kim, Yun-Jae Kim, Yoon-Deok Han, Sung-Hyeon Jung, Jong-Dae Lee, Bong-Ki Jang, Jin-Heon Lee, Bu-Soon Son
Journal of Environmental Science International.2019; 28(3): 329. CrossRef - A Review for the Long-Term Trend and Spatial Distribution of Soil Mercury Concentration in South Korea
Pyung-Rae Kim, Dae-Young Kim, Young-Ji Han
Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers.2019; 41(6): 346. CrossRef - An analysis of factors affecting the mercury content in the human femoral bone
A. Zioła-Frankowska, M. Dąbrowski, Ł. Kubaszewski, P. Rogala, A. Kowalski, M. Frankowski
Environmental Science and Pollution Research.2017; 24(1): 547. CrossRef - The associations between blood mercury levels and shark meat intake among workers in Gyeongsangbuk-do
Gun Il Park, Young Seok Byun, Man Joong Jeon, Joon Sakong
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - A Study on Mercury Exposure Levels among Schoolchildren and Related Factors in High Mercury Exposure Areas in Korea
Dae Seon Kim, Young Min Kwon, Hee-Ung Chung, Sang Hoon Nam, Seung Do Yu
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2015; 41(4): 231. CrossRef - Mercury Exposure Factors among Residents in the Highly Mercury Exposed Area, Seoksan-ri, Korea
Dae Seon KIM, Young Min Kwon, Hee-Ung Chung, Kyunghee CHOI
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2015; 41(5): 349. CrossRef - Population correlates of circulating mercury levels in Korean adults: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV
Seongbeom Cho, David R Jacobs, Kyong Park
BMC Public Health.2014;[Epub] CrossRef - A Study on Concentrations of Heavy Metal in Blood and Urine of Local Area in Korea
Ji-Young Im, Eun-Kyung Chung, Hee-Jin Park, Seungdo Yu, Bong-Ki Jang, Bu-Soon Son
Journal of Environmental Science International.2013; 22(1): 59. CrossRef - The Relationships Between Blood Mercury Concentration and Body Composition Measures Using 2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Dae-won Kang, Ka-young Lee
The Korean Journal of Obesity.2013; 22(4): 237. CrossRef - The Relationship between Fish Consumption and Blood Mercury Levels in Residents of Busan Metropolitan City and Gyeongnam Province
Chan Woo Kim, Young Wook Kim, Chang Ho Chae, Jun Seok Son, Ja Hyeon Kim, Hyoung Ouk Park, Yune-Sik Kang, Jang-Rak Kim, Young Seoub Hong, Dae-Seon Kim, Baek Geun Jeong
Journal of agricultural medicine and community health.2012; 37(4): 223. CrossRef - The Influence of Fish Consumption on Umbilical Cord Blood Mercury Level in Pregnant Women in the City of Tongyeong, Korea
Chul-Won Jang, Sang-Hyun Kim, Jong-Duck Choi
Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety.2012; 27(1): 74. CrossRef - Developing a Questionnaire to Assess Exposure to Food-Borne Hazards
Sangah Shin, Seul Ki Choi, Hyemi Kim, Kyung Youn Lee, Sanghee Shin, Jung Won Lee, Soo Hyun Yu, Hye-Soen Nam, Hae-Jung Yoon, Hyojee Joung
The Korean Journal of Nutrition.2011; 44(1): 61. CrossRef - Blood Heavy Metal Concentrations of Korean Adults by Seafood Consumption Frequency: Using the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV), 2008
Young A Kim, Young-Nam Kim, Kyung-Dong Cho, Mi Young Kim, Eun Jin Kim, Ok-Hee Baek, Bog-Hieu Lee
The Korean Journal of Nutrition.2011; 44(6): 518. CrossRef - Total and methyl mercury in maternal and cord blood of pregnant women in Korea
Dae Seon Kim, Geun Bae Kim, Tackshin Kang, Seungchul Ahn
Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences.2011; 3(4): 254. CrossRef
- Association between Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Heavy Metal Concentrations in Young Children: Based on Data from The Korean National Environmental Health Survey Cycle 3 Ministry of Environment (2015-2017)
- 1,111 View
- 4 Download
- 17 Crossref
Original Article
- Blood and Urinary Cadmium Concentration of Residents around Abandoned Metal Mines in Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do
- Hyo Jun Kim, Byoung Gwon Kim, Dae Seon Kim, Jeong Wook Seo, Byeng Chul Yu, Young Wook Kim, Young Seoub Hong
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(1):1-10. Published online March 31, 2010
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.1.1
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the blood and urinary cadmium concentration levels of around abandoned metal mines in comparison with a control group.
METHODS
Blood and urinary cadmium concentration levels were analyzed through investigations of the dietary habits and dietary water of subjects living near abandoned metal mines (exposure group) (n=190) in comparison with those living in designated control areas (control group) (n=256).
RESULTS
The blood cadmium (1.93 microgram/l) and urinary cadmium (2.41 microgram/g cr) concentrations of the exposure group were significantly higher than those of the control group (blood cadmium: 1.19 microgram/l, urinary cadmium: 1.94 microgram/g cr). Both concentrations were significantly higher in vegetarians in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS
The exposure group had higher blood and urinary cadmium concentrations than the control group. We attributed the elevated blood and urine cadmium levels in the abandoned mine residents to the influence of the abandoned mine sites. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Association between levels of exposure to heavy metals and renal function indicators of residents in environmentally vulnerable areas
Jung-Yeon Kwon, Seungho Lee, Ulziikhishig Surenbaatar, Hyoun-Ju Lim, Byoung-Gwon Kim, Sang-Yong Eom, Yong Min Cho, Woo Jin Kim, Byeng-Chul Yu, Kwan Lee, Young-Seoub Hong
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Health Effect and Blood Lead Concentration among Residents in Gwangyang and Yeosu
Heejin Park, Myung-Kyu Park, Tack-Shin Kang, Geun-Bae Kim, Jong-Wha Lee, Bong-Ki Jang, Bu-Soon Son
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2016; 42(3): 205. CrossRef - Urinary Cadmium Concentration of Residents around Industrial Complex in Gwangyang and Yeosu
Heejin Park, Tack-Shin Kang, Jong-Dae Lee, Geun-Bae Kim, Seungdo Yu, Bong-Ki Jang, Jong-Wha Lee, Bu-Soon Son
Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2015; 25(3): 338. CrossRef - Relationship between Urine Cadmium and Bone Mineral Density of Residents Around Abandoned Metal Mines
Kyung-Sick Jung, Nam-Soo Kim, Seung-Chul Ahn, Byung-Kook Lee
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2012; 38(4): 323. CrossRef - Relationship between Heavy Metal Concentrations in the Soil with the Blood and Urine of Residents around Abandoned Metal Mines
Bong-Ki Jang, Sang-Il Park, Nam-Soo Kim, Kyung-Sick Jung, Byung-Kook Lee, Jong-Wha Lee
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2011; 37(5): 348. CrossRef
- Association between levels of exposure to heavy metals and renal function indicators of residents in environmentally vulnerable areas
- 791 View
- 3 Download
- 5 Crossref
Original Article
- Relationship between Blood Lead Concentration and Neurobehavioral Function of Children
- Kwang Seub Park, Jae Yong Park, Joon Sakong
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(2):131-142. Published online June 30, 2009
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.2.131
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
To evaluate effects of lead on the central nervous system of children by measuring blood lead concentration, computerized neurobehavioral function and intelligence of elementary school students.
METHODS
The study was conducted with 208 elementary school students living in the vicinity of Pohang Industrial Complex in October and November, 2005. Data on demographic characteristics, living environments and lifestyle habits were collected from subjects.
RESULTS
Blood lead levels of elementary school students ranged from 0.76-4.97 microg/dl, which is below the 10 microg/dl recommended level of CDC. The blood lead levels were similar with those reported in other domestic and international studies. Neurobehavioral tests revealed that most third grade students reacted slowly and their speed declined in simple reaction time (p<0.05), choice reaction time (p<0.05), symbol digit substitution (p<0.01), finger tapping speed nondominant hand (p<0.05) as blood lead levels increased. Sixth grade students demonstrated significance in test performance, and displayed blood lead levels of 2.00-4.00 microg/dl. Results of intelligence testing showed significantly low performance in IQ (p<0.05), vocabulary ability (p<0.05), reasoning ability (p<0.05), mathematical ability (p<0.05) and perception ability (p<0.05) among third grade students who displayed high levels of blood lead concentration. Sixth grade students showed significantly low performance in vocabulary ability (p<0.05) at high level of blood lead concentration. The difference in mean IQ scores between the group with blood lead level of < or =2.00 microg/dl and the group with blood lead level > or =3.00 microg/ dl was 3.21 in third grade students and 4.28 in sixth grade students. Low academic achievement was observed among third grade students (p<0.05) and six grade students (p<0.05) as the average blood lead level increased. Correlation analysis on the association of blood lead concentration with neurobehavioral tests revealed a positive correlation between blood lead levels and reaction time of choice reaction time and symbol digit substitution in third grade students. A positive correlation was observed between blood lead levels and reaction time of symbol digit substitution and finger tapping speed in sixth grade students. There was a negative correlation between blood lead levels and reasoning ability of third grade students (r=-0.247) and vocabulary ability of six grade students (r=-0.255).
CONCLUSION
There have been few studies on the effects of blood lead on the central nervous systems of children in Korea. The study supports the findings of earlier studies that blood lead has an impact on children. However, the study did not confirm significant association of blood lead concentration with each neurological and motor test conducted for this study due to a small sample size and relatively low blood lead levels of elementary school students. Further studies using a similar assessment methods would be helpful to evaluate the effects of low blood lead levels on the central nervous systems of children. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Association of heavy metal complex exposure and neurobehavioral function of children
Minkeun Kim, Chulyong Park, Joon Sakong, Shinhee Ye, So young Son, Kiook Baek
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - The Impact of Aircraft Noise on the Cognitive Function of Elementary School Students in Korea
Kiook Baek, Chulyong Park, Joon Sakong
Noise and Health.2023; 25(117): 83. CrossRef - The association between lead concentration in the blood and neurobehavioral performance of children
Dae-Seon Kim, Seungchul Ahn, Seungdo Yu, Eun-Hee Lee
Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences.2012; 4(2): 87. CrossRef - Evaluation of reliability of computerized neurobehavioral tests in Korean children
Kyeong-Soo Lee, Man-Joong Jeon, Tae-Yoon Hwang, Chang-Yoon Kim, Joon Sakong
NeuroToxicology.2012; 33(5): 1362. CrossRef
- Association of heavy metal complex exposure and neurobehavioral function of children
- 824 View
- 1 Download
- 4 Crossref
Original Article
- Blood Lead Level as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease
- Ryoung Jin Park, Seung Hyun Kim, Ji Ung Park, Yang Hyun Kim, Myoung Bo Kim, Won Ju Park, Jai Dong Moon
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(1):38-45. Published online March 31, 2009
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.1.38
-
Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
Lead exposure is known to be associated with high blood pressure, hypertension, coronary artery disease, peripheral arterial disease, left ventricular hypertropy, and electrocardiographic abnormalities. We investigated the association between blood lead and coronary artery calcification and stenosis.
METHODS
Between April 2006 and July 2007, 502 adults (345 males and 157 females), who had no history of cardiovascular disease or occupational exposure to lead, were recruited as study subjects. All subjects underwent coronary CT angiography and blood lead measurement.
RESULTS
Blood lead levels were distributed from 0.43 to 11.30 (microgram/dL with a geometric mean blood lead level of 2.98+/-1.5 (microgram/dL. The geometric mean blood lead levels were higher in men than women (3.31+/-1.5 (microgram/dL vs. 2.36+/-1.5 (microgram/dL, P < 0.01). Based on a multivariate analysis, a 1 unit ((microgram/dL) increase in blood lead level was associated with a 1.09 (95% confidence interval, 0.92~1.29) and a 1.01 fold (95% confidence interval, 0.63~1.63) greater risk for coronary artery calcification in men and women, respectively. Similarly, a 1 unit (microgram/dL) increase in blood lead level was associated with a 1.25 (95% confidence interval, 1.03~1.51) and a 1.42 fold (95% confidence interval, 0.73~2.75) greater risk for coronary artery stenosis in men and women, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that increased blood lead levels are associated with an increased risk of coronary artery stenosis. -
Citations
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Qiying Nong, Yanjun Wu, Suhui Liu, Yinyin Tang, Jiayun Wu, Hongmei Huang, Jiaying Hong, Yiru Qin, Ruimei Xu, Wenxia Zhao, Baowei Chen, Zhenlie Huang, Ligang Hu, Na Zhao, Yongshun Huang
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety.2025; 290: 117598. CrossRef - Blood Lead Levels and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Yoonjin Park, Jungjin Han
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(19): 10315. CrossRef - Blood lead concentration and related factors in Korea from the 2008 National Survey for Environmental Pollutants in the Human Body
Seong Wook Jeong, Chae Kwan Lee, Chun Hui Suh, Kun Hyung Kim, Byung Chul Son, Jeong Ho Kim, Jong Tae Lee, Soo Woong Lee, Yeong Beom Park, Jong Wha Lee, Seung-Do Yu, Chan Seok Moon, Dae Hwan Kim, Sang Yoon Lee
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2014; 217(8): 871. CrossRef - The Effects of Blood Lead on Blood Pressure Among Non-smokers
Yun-Suk Pak, Sang-Sin Park, Tae-Hun Kim, Sang-Yoon Lee, Young-Lim Kho, Eun-Hee Lee
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2012; 38(4): 311. CrossRef - National estimates of blood lead, cadmium, and mercury levels in the Korean general adult population
Nam-Soo Kim, Byung-Kook Lee
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health.2011; 84(1): 53. CrossRef
- Lead-induced actin polymerization aggravates neutrophil extracellular trap formation and contributes to vascular inflammation
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Original Article
- A Study on the Association between Blood Lead Levels and Habitual Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Koreans with No Occupational Lead Exposure
- Ji Ung Park, Se Won Oh, Seung Hyun Kim, Yang Hyun Kim, Ryoung Jin Park, Jai Dong Moon
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008;20(3):165-173. Published online September 30, 2008
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2008.20.3.165
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to estimate the normal blood lead (PbB) levels in a group of Korean subjects and to evaluate the association between PbB levels and habitual tobacco and alcohol use.
METHODS
We recruited 532 adults (320 males and 212 females) with no history of occupational exposure to lead, as study subjects.
RESULTS
PbB levels ranged between 0.43 microgram/dl and 9.45 microgram/dl. The adjusted geometric mean PbB in men was 3.19 microgram/dl, which was significantly higher than that seen in women: 2.66 microgram/dl (P=0.017). Geometric mean PbBs were not significantly different between urban and rural patients. The adjusted geometric mean PbB in smokers was 3.31 microgram/dl, which was significantly higher than that seen in nonsmokers: 2.64 microgram/dl (P=0.035). The adjusted geometric mean PbB in drinkers was 3.10 microgram/dl, which was significantly higher than that seen in non-drinkers: 2.75 microgram/dl (P=0.049).
CONCLUSIONS
The PbB levels of some Korean adults seem to be comparable to those seen in foreign countries. Our results suggest that tobacco and alcohol cessation will be helpful in decreasing the harmful effect of lead. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Prenatal Exposure to Lead and Chromium is Associated with IL-13 Levels in Umbilical Cord Blood and Severity of Atopic Dermatitis: COCOA Study
Jihyun Kim, Seonwoo Kim, Sook-young Woo, Jin-Yong Chung, Young-Seoub Hong, Se-Young Oh, Suk-Joo Choi, Soo-Young Oh, Kyung Won Kim, Youn Ho Shin, Hye-Sung Won, Kyung-Ju Lee, Soo Hyun Kim, Ja Young Kwon, Si Hyeon Lee, Soo-Jong Hong, Kangmo Ahn
Immune Network.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - Level of Blood Lead and Urine Cotinine of Residents by Area
Yu-Jin Oh, Hyoung-Wook Kim, Yun-Jae Kim, Yoon-Deok Han, Sung-Hyeon Jung, Jong-Dae Lee, Bong-Ki Jang, Jin-Heon Lee, Bu-Soon Son
Journal of Environmental Science International.2019; 28(3): 329. CrossRef - Association of Blood Pressure with Blood Lead and Cadmium Levels in Korean Adolescents: Analysis of Data from the 2010–2016 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Jaeouk Ahn, Nam-Soo Kim, Byung-Kook Lee, Jungsun Park, Yangho Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2018;[Epub] CrossRef - The association between cadmium and lead exposure and blood pressure among workers of a smelting industry: a cross-sectional study
Hyun Chan An, Joo Hyun Sung, Jiho Lee, Chang Sun Sim, Sang Hoon Kim, Yangho Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - Health Effect and Blood Lead Concentration among Residents in Gwangyang and Yeosu
Heejin Park, Myung-Kyu Park, Tack-Shin Kang, Geun-Bae Kim, Jong-Wha Lee, Bong-Ki Jang, Bu-Soon Son
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2016; 42(3): 205. CrossRef - Association of Blood Pressure with Exposure to Lead and Cadmium: Analysis of Data from the 2008–2013 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Byung-Kook Lee, Jaeouk Ahn, Nam-Soo Kim, Chan Boo Lee, Jungsun Park, Yangho Kim
Biological Trace Element Research.2016; 174(1): 40. CrossRef - A Case of Lead Poisoning with Drug-induced Liver Injury after Ingestion of Herbal Medicine
Gi Jung Jeon, Jongha Park, Min Sung Kim, Jong Won Yu, Jae Hyun Park, Min Sik Kim
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2015; 65(6): 375. CrossRef - Probit analysis of comparative assays on toxicities of lead chloride and lead acetate to in vitro cultured human umbilical cord blood lymphocytes
Rajashree Patnaik, Rabindra N. Padhy
Interdisciplinary Toxicology.2015; 8(1): 35. CrossRef - Association of among alcohol consumption and blood vitamin D and lead concentrations: Based on 2010-2012 Korea national health and nutrition examination survey
Ho-Ki An, Jae-Yong Park, Hee-Jung Yoon
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(1): 498. CrossRef - Blood lead concentration and related factors in Korea from the 2008 National Survey for Environmental Pollutants in the Human Body
Seong Wook Jeong, Chae Kwan Lee, Chun Hui Suh, Kun Hyung Kim, Byung Chul Son, Jeong Ho Kim, Jong Tae Lee, Soo Woong Lee, Yeong Beom Park, Jong Wha Lee, Seung-Do Yu, Chan Seok Moon, Dae Hwan Kim, Sang Yoon Lee
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2014; 217(8): 871. CrossRef - Environmental Exposure to Lead (Pb) and Variations in Its Susceptibility
Jina Kim, Youngeun Lee, Mihi Yang
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C.2014; 32(2): 159. CrossRef - Blood cadmium, mercury, and lead and metabolic syndrome in South Korea: 2005–2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Byung‐Kook Lee, Yangho Kim
American Journal of Industrial Medicine.2013; 56(6): 682. CrossRef - Monitoring Study on Exposure Levels of Environmental Pollutants in Residents of a Non-Industrial Area, Korea
Dae-Seon Kim, Seung Chul Ahn, Jung Min Ryu, Seung Do Yu
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2012; 38(6): 482. CrossRef - Associations of blood lead, cadmium, and mercury with estimated glomerular filtration rate in the Korean general population: Analysis of 2008–2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data
Yangho Kim, Byung-Kook Lee
Environmental Research.2012; 118: 124. CrossRef - National estimates of blood lead, cadmium, and mercury levels in the Korean general adult population
Nam-Soo Kim, Byung-Kook Lee
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health.2011; 84(1): 53. CrossRef - Blood Lead Concentration and Hypertension in Korean Adults Aged 40 and Over According to KNHANES IV (2008)
Sun-Young Kim, Duk-Hee Lee
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2011; 37(6): 418. CrossRef - A Study of Working Environment for Automotive Painting in Auto Repair Shops and Workers' Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals
Sang-Hyo Sim, Chun-Hwa Jeoung, Jin-Suk Lim, Hyung-Gu Lee, Yoon-Shin Kim
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2009; 35(3): 153. CrossRef
- Prenatal Exposure to Lead and Chromium is Associated with IL-13 Levels in Umbilical Cord Blood and Severity of Atopic Dermatitis: COCOA Study
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- 17 Crossref
Original Article
- Bone and Blood Lead Levels of Middle Aged Koreans not Occupationally Exposed to Lead
- Nam Soo Kim, Sung Woo Choi, Jin Ho Kim, Jung O Ham, Hae Yoon Park, Kyu Dong Ahn, Byung Kook Lee
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(4):285-292. Published online December 31, 2007
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.4.285
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
In order to investigate the level and the association between bone lead and blood lead levels of non-occupationally, lead-exposed Koreans, the authors studied the lead biomarkers of 137 middle aged Koreans (86 males and 51 females) older than whose age were above 40 years.
METHODS
The tibia lead level was selected as the bone lead indicator of cortical bone, and the blood lead level was also measured. The tibia lead level was measured by K-shell XRF with 30-minute measurement of each subjects. The blood lead level was analyzed by AAS method.
RESULTS
The mean (SD) of the tibia lead level of the 137 study subjects was 3.49 (4.99) microgram/g, and tended to be higher. The mean (SD) of tibia lead level in male subjects (was 3.90 (4.88) microgram/g) and larger than in that of female subjects (2.80 (5.14) microgram/g), but without no statistical significance was observed. The mean (SD) of blood lead level of all total subjects was 3.70 (1.35)microgram/dl, and tended to be higher. The mean (SD) of blood lead level in male subjects (was 3.93 (1.25) microgram/dl) and larger than in that of female subjects (3.30 (1.42) microgram/dl), but without no statistical significance was observed. In multiple regression analysis of blood lead levels after adjusting for covariates, age was a significant independent variable. A weak association of age with tibia lead in female subjects was also observed in multiple regression analysis.
CONCLUSION
The mean (SD) of tibia and blood lead levels of middle aged Koreans whose ages were over 40 years old were 3.49 (4.99) microgram/g and 3.70 (1.35) microgram/dl, respectively. Age and sex were positive predictors of blood lead level in multiple regression analysis after controlling for the covariates. However, in multiple regression analysis whereas age was weakly association with tibia lead level only in female subjects in multiple regression analysis. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Blood lead concentration and related factors in Korea from the 2008 National Survey for Environmental Pollutants in the Human Body
Seong Wook Jeong, Chae Kwan Lee, Chun Hui Suh, Kun Hyung Kim, Byung Chul Son, Jeong Ho Kim, Jong Tae Lee, Soo Woong Lee, Yeong Beom Park, Jong Wha Lee, Seung-Do Yu, Chan Seok Moon, Dae Hwan Kim, Sang Yoon Lee
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2014; 217(8): 871. CrossRef - National estimates of blood lead, cadmium, and mercury levels in the Korean general adult population
Nam-Soo Kim, Byung-Kook Lee
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health.2011; 84(1): 53. CrossRef
- Blood lead concentration and related factors in Korea from the 2008 National Survey for Environmental Pollutants in the Human Body
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- 2 Crossref
Original Article
- Effect of Cumulative Blood Lead and Cumulative Blood ZPP as Lead Body Burden on Renal Lead Biomarkers
- Gang Ho Yoon, Nam Soo Kim, Jin Ho Kim, Hwa Sung Kim, Byung Kook Lee
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2006;18(4):298-306. Published online December 31, 2006
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2006.18.4.298
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possibility of cumulative blood lead and blood ZPP as surrogates of lead body burden and to investigate their association with renal function as an index of lead body burden.
METHODS
The study subjects comprised 678 lead workers with past blood lead and blood ZPP data from their employment. Cumulative blood and ZPP were calculated by accumulating the every year mean value of both indices from the new employment since 1983. To assess the cumulative data of lead workers who started their lead work before 1983, the years before 1983 were simulated with the first available data from 1983. Study variables for lead body burden were tibia bone lead and DMSA chelatable lead, whereas those for current lead biomarkers were blood lead and blood ZPP. BUN and serum creatinine were selected as clinical renal biomarkers, while NAG (N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) and RBP (Retinol binding protein) were selected as early renal biomarkers.
RESULTS
The association between cumulative blood lead and blood ZPP with tibia bone lead was statistically significant with determinant coefficients (r(2)) of 0.72 and 0.567, respectively, and their relationships were better explained by the curvilinear regression model. In multiple regression analysis of current lead biomarkers on the renal biomarkers after controlling for possible confounders (age, sex, job duration, smoking and drinking status), blood lead was associated only with log-transformed NAG, whereas blood ZPP was associated with 3 other renal biomarkers. On the other hand, in multiple regression analysis of biomarkers of lead body burden on renal biomarkers after controlling for possible confounders (age, sex, job duration, smoking and drinking status), cumulative blood ZPP and tibia bone lead were associated with all 4 renal function biomarkers, whereas cumulative blood lead and DMSA chelatable lead were associated with 3 renal biomarkers except BUN.
CONCLUSION
Cumulative blood and ZPP were demonstrated to be good surrogates of lead burden. Furthermore, the cumulative blood ZPP was confirmed to have a better association than the cumulative blood lead.
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Original Article
- The Effect of ALAD and VDR Polymorphism on the Hematopoietic Biomarkers in Lead Exposed Workers
- Sung Soo Lee, Nam Soo Kim, Jin Ho Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Young Hwangbo, Hwa Sung Kim, Kyu Dong Ahn, Byung Kook Lee
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2005;17(4):343-351. Published online December 31, 2005
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2005.17.4.343
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted with new workers who entered lead industries from 1992 to 2001 to evaluate the genetic susceptibility of ALAD (delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase) and VDR (vitamin D receptor) gene on health effect of lead exposure.
METHODS
Among the subjects of the database of lead industries at the Soonchunhyang University Institute of Industrial Medicine, only new workers were selected for this study. The total of eligible workers for this category was 3,540 workers, including non lead exposed workers of same lead industries. From stored blood in specimen bank of Soonchunhyang University, genotype of ALAD and VDR were measured using PCR method. Variables for this study were blood lead as an index of lead exposure, ZPP (zinc protoporphyrin in blood), urine ALA (delta-aminolevulinic acid), and hemoglobin as an index of hematopoietic effect of lead. Information on sex, job duration, and weight were collected for personal information. The data were analyzed using SAS (version 8.2) with descriptive analysis of t-test and multiple regression analysis.
RESULTS
Among 3,540 new employed study subjects during period of 1992-2001, 3,204 workers (90.5%) had ALAD genotype 1-1, while 336 workers (9.5%) had variant type of ALAD (1-2 or 2-2). For VDR genotype, 2,903 workers (89.7%) out of total tested 3,238 workers were belonged to type bb and 335 workers (10.5%) were type bB or BB. The distribution of genotype of ALAD and VDR were not different according to the job duration in male workers, but were different in female workers. The effect of ALAD and VDR genotype on blood lead were positively significant in the analysis of all cumulative data of new employed workers for 10 years. The effect of VDR genotype on blood lead were stronger than that of ALAD. While the variant ALAD gene made decrease of mean ZPP and ALA in urine after controlling for blood lead and other covariate, the variant VDR gene made increased the mean ZPP and ALA in urine in all cumulative data analysis and cross sectional analysis by job duration. For hemoglobin, ALAD and VDR genotype did not affect the mean value.
CONCLUSIONS
From the above our results, we found that ALAD and VDR genotype exerted significant effect in various way. We confirmed that the finding of a cross sectional study of protective effect of variant ALAD on the effect of blood lead on blood ZPP in our retrospective study design. It was found that VDR did not exert protective effect for lead exposure as the variant ALAD did.
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- 1 Download
Original Article
- Blood Pb, Urine Cd and Health Assessment of Residents in the Vicinity of Abandoned Mines in Gyeongsangbuk-do
- Jong Hak Chung, Pock Soo Kang, Chang Yoon Kim, Kyung Soo Lee, Tae Yoon Hwang, Gyu Tae Kim, Jong Seo Park, Si Young Park, Dae Seop Kim, Ou Taek Lim, Joon Sakong
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2005;17(3):225-237. Published online September 30, 2005
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2005.17.3.225
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
The objective of this health assessment is to evaluate the health risks that may result from exposure to abandoned mine tailings in Gyeongsangbuk-do. The tailings are remnants from an earlier flotation mill and mining operation that was in business from the early 1930's until 1970.
METHODS
The soil, stream water, and drinking water in and around three abandoned mine areas, Soochul, Gumjang, Darock, and three control areas located in Gyeongsangbuk-do were analyzed for level of Cd, Pb, Cu, As, and Hg. Potential chronic health effects were evaluated by interview and medical examination.
RESULTS
Some soil and stream samples exceeded the Korean standard for soil contamination in farmland and the Korean standard of water contamination in streams respectively. Blood lead (5.37 microgram/dl) and urine cadmium (2.79 microgram/g Cr) levels of the residents in the vicinity of the abandoned mine sites were significantly higher than of the residents in the control areas (blood lead, 4.34 microgram/dl; urine cadmium, 1.62 microgram/g Cr). There were no significant differences between the mining and control areas in terms of blood pressure, Hb, BUN, creatinine, SGOT, SGPT, fasting blood sugar, and the prevalence of potential chronic diseases.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of the assessment suggested that the three abandoned mine sites do not pose an apparent health risk to nearby residents. Nevertheless, the elevated blood lead and urine cadmium levels in the residents of the abandoned mine site suggested that it might be an important source of heavy metals contamination. Therefore, a nationwide evaluation program is needed to assess the potential health risks of residents living in the vicinity of abandoned mine sites. -
Citations
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Sweta, Bhaskar Singh
International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry.2024; 104(16): 4762. CrossRef - Bioaccumulation of Lead, Cadmium, and Arsenic in a Mining Area and Its Associated Health Effects
Ulziikhishig Surenbaatar, Seungho Lee, Jung-Yeon Kwon, Hyunju Lim, Jeong-Jin Kim, Young-Hun Kim, Young-Seoub Hong
Toxics.2023; 11(6): 519. CrossRef - Association between levels of exposure to heavy metals and renal function indicators of residents in environmentally vulnerable areas
Jung-Yeon Kwon, Seungho Lee, Ulziikhishig Surenbaatar, Hyoun-Ju Lim, Byoung-Gwon Kim, Sang-Yong Eom, Yong Min Cho, Woo Jin Kim, Byeng-Chul Yu, Kwan Lee, Young-Seoub Hong
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Association of Blood Heavy Metal Levels and Renal Function in Korean Adults
Yoonjin Park, Su-Jung Lee
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(11): 6646. CrossRef - Potential of biochar for clean-up of heavy metal contaminated soil and water
Adaobi Onmonya Yvonne, Galadima Adamu Sadiq, Sadiq Maryam
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology.2022; 16(4): 146. CrossRef - Exposure factors of cadmium for residents in an abandoned metal mine area in Korea
Seung Chul Ahn, Jun Young Chang, Jung Sub Lee, Hwa Yon Yu, A-Ra Jung, Jee-Young Kim, Jong-Woo Choi, Young-Seoub Hong, Seung Do Yu, Kyounghee Choi
Environmental Geochemistry and Health.2017; 39(5): 1059. CrossRef - Time trend of cadmium intake in Korea
Chan-Seok Moon, Hye-Ran Yang, Haruo Nakatsuka, Masayuki Ikeda
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine.2016; 21(3): 118. CrossRef - Measuring the Environmental Burden of Disease in South Korea: A Population-Based Study
Seok-Jun Yoon, Hyeong-Su Kim, Jongsik Ha, Eun-Jung Kim
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2015; 12(7): 7938. CrossRef - Blood Cadmium Concentration of Residents Living near Abandoned Metal Mines in Korea
Young-Seoub Hong, Byung-Kook Lee, Jung-Duck Park, Joon Sakong, Jae-Wook Choi, Jai-Dong Moon, Dae-Seon Kim, Byoung-Gwon Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2014; 29(5): 633. CrossRef - Association of arsenic levels in soil and water with urinary arsenic concentration of residents in the vicinity of closed metal mines
YongMin Cho, SungChul Seo, Seung-Hyun Choi, SeungKil Lee, KyungHee Kim, Hae-Joon Kim, Jae-Wook Choi
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2013; 216(3): 255. CrossRef - Relationship between Urine Cadmium and Bone Mineral Density of Residents Around Abandoned Metal Mines
Kyung-Sick Jung, Nam-Soo Kim, Seung-Chul Ahn, Byung-Kook Lee
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2012; 38(4): 323. CrossRef - The association of heavy metals in blood, fish consumption frequency, and risk of cardiovascular diseases among Korean adults: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2010)
Ji-Ye Shin, Ji-Myung Kim, Yuri Kim
Korean Journal of Nutrition.2012; 45(4): 347. CrossRef - Blood lead levels of residents living around 350 abandoned metal mines in Korea
Nam-Soo Kim, Joon Sakong, Jae-Wook Choi, Young-Seoub Hong, Jai-Dong Moon, Byung-Kook Lee
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment.2012; 184(7): 4139. CrossRef - The Effect of Exposure Factors on the Concentration of Heavy Metals in Residents Near Abandoned Metal Mines
Sanghoo Kim, Yong-Min Cho, Seung-Hyun Choi, Hae-Joon Kim, Jaewook Choi
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2011; 44(1): 41. CrossRef - Lessons of Goseong Abandoned Metal Mine Accident
Ho-Jang Kwon
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2011; 37(5): 335. CrossRef - Relationship between Heavy Metal Concentrations in the Soil with the Blood and Urine of Residents around Abandoned Metal Mines
Bong-Ki Jang, Sang-Il Park, Nam-Soo Kim, Kyung-Sick Jung, Byung-Kook Lee, Jong-Wha Lee
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2011; 37(5): 348. CrossRef - Blood Lead Level in Populations Resident in Some Abandoned Mine Area
Sun-Ho Song, Sang-Yong Eom, Yong-Dae Kim, Heon Kim, Jang-Soo Hong
Journal of Environmental Science International.2010; 19(4): 527. CrossRef - Investigation on Health Effects of an Abandoned Metal Mine
Soyeon Kim, Ho-Jang Kwon, Hae-Kwan Cheong, Kyungho Choi, Jae-Yeon Jang, Woo-Chul Jeong, Dae-Seon Kim, Seungdo Yu, Young-Wook Kim, Kwang-Young Lee, Seoung-Oh Yang, Ik Jae Jhung, Won-Ho Yang, Yun-Chul Hong
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2008; 23(3): 452. CrossRef
- A review on heavy metal and metalloid contamination of vegetables: addressing the global safe food security concern
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Original Article
- Blood Lead Levels in Umbilical Cord and Neonatal Neurobehavioral Status
- Jung Are Kim, Seong Ah Kim, Chae Yong Lee, Sang Jae Jung, Byung Yeol Chun
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2005;17(1):58-69. Published online March 31, 2005
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2005.17.1.58
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
To investigate the relation between umbilical cord blood lead level lower than 10 microgram/dl and neonatal neurobehavioral performance.
METHODS
Umbilical cord blood lead level, as an indicator for prenatal exposure to lead, and Brazelton neonatal behavioral assessment scale (NBAS), as an indicator for effect, were determined in 86 neonates in Gumi, Kyungpook, Korea. The blood levels were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Development was assessed by NBAS at birth in 86 neonates and at 1 month in 55 neonates.
RESULTS
The mean cord blood lead levels of the 86 and 55 neonates were 3.90 +/- 0.71 microgram/dl (range 2.24 - 5.39 microgram/dl) and 3.88 +/- 0.70 microgram/dl (range 2.24~5.03 microgram/dl), respectively. We used the median value of 4 microgram/dl to divide into low- and high- lead level groups. There was a significant difference in the peak of excitement at birth, and in the animate visual, inanimate visual, inanimate auditory, activity level, peak of excitement, and liability of states at one month, between the two groups. For cluster scores, motor system and state organization scores showed significant differences between the two groups. For adjusting the potential confounding effect of intial difference, differences of the scores between the two groups at one month were analysed with ANCOVA. The results of ANCOVA showed the significant difference between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings suggest that prenatal low-level lead exposure, even lower than 10 microgram/dl, might affect the neonatal neurobehavioral development.
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Original Article
- Distribution of Blood pressure and Current State of Life Style Modification on Male Workers in a Large Factory: Analysis According to JNC-6 Guideline
- Seung Ho Jeon, Hye Eun Lee, Do Myung Paek, Yang Ho Kim, Jung Sun Park, Gang Won Park
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2003;15(4):364-372. Published online December 31, 2003
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2003.15.4.364
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
To describe the distributions of blood pressure level and risk group, and the current state of life style modification in the population of a large factory.
METHODS
We surveyed 1,088 workers in a large factory from June 2002 to August 2002. Information related to hypertension was collected through a questionnaire and medical examination. We classified the blood pressure level and risk group using JNC-VI criteria, and the current state of life style modification and medication according to the blood pressure level in the entire study population. REULTS: The prevalence of hypertension was 30.1% in all workers. The distribution of blood pressure level was 656 (60.3%) in normal stage, 160 (14.7%) in high normal stage, 190 (17.5%) in stage 1, 67 (6.1%) in stage 2, and 15 (1.4%) in stage 3. The numbers of workers in risk groups A, B and C were 296 (27.2%), 690 (63.4%) and 102 (9.4%), respectively. Among all workers, 432 (39.7%) needed to modify their lifestyle; 106 of whom (24.5%) needed to go on hypertensive drug medication. Overweight subjects were more common in stage 2 than in other stages (p=0.02). The numbers of smokers and low-exercisers were signigicantly lower in the higher blood pressure group than the lower blood pressure group (p<0.01). Alcoholic drinking was evenly distributed in all blood pressure level.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of hypertension was 30.1% in all workers. The most common stage of blood pressure level was normal, followed by stage 1, high normal stage, stage 2, stage 3. The number of subjects in risk group B was more than that in the other risk groups. We recommend total worker education and the practice of lifestyle modification.
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Original Article
- Shiftwork Duration and Metabolic Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease
- Mi na Ha, Sang Chul Roh, Jung sun Park
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2003;15(2):132-139. Published online June 30, 2003
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2003.15.2.132
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Abstract
PDF
- AIMS: To explore the relationship between shiftwork duration and metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular disease in shiftworkers.
METHODS
The study subjects comprised of 226 nurses, from a hospital, and 130 male workers, from a diaper and feminine hygienic material manufacturing firm. The mean ages of the male workers and nurses were 29 and 28.5 years, respectively. The fasting blood sugar, serum cholesterol, blood pressure, height and weight, waist and hip circumferences (only in nurses), and number of step for a shift as indices of physical activity were measured. Using the Korean version of Karasek's job contents questionnaire, the job stress was assessed. Information about the number of years worked, duration of shiftwork, and past medical and behavioral histories, including smoking, were obtained by self-administrated questionnaires. Linear regression analyses were performed, to show the relationships between shiftwork duration and metabolic risk factors, using simple and multivariate models, adjusted for age, smoking, job strain and physical activity. The following criteria were defined: hypertension as a SBP>or160 or a DBP>or=90 mmHg at least once, hypercholesterolemia, as a serum total cholesterol >or=240 mg/dl, obesity as BMI (Body Mass Index) >or=25kg/m2 and central obesity as a WHR (Waist to Hip Ratio) >or=0.85; and the logistic regression analyses, according to years of shiftwork, were performed using simple and adjusted models.
RESULTS
The cholesterol and fasting blood sugar showed increasing trends, but without statistical significances, according to the increase in shiftwork duration of the male workers, although, the increases in the blood pressure and BMI were statistically significant. In the nurses, only the WHR showed a significant increase in relation to the shiftwork duration. In the logistic regression analyses, hypercholesterolemia and obesity showed significant increasing risks according to the number of years of shiftwork (OR=3.32 95%CI 1.27-8.72 and OR=3.21 95%CI 1.24-8.32 respectively) in the male workers, but hypertension showed no significance. In the nurses, only an increased central obesity was significant as a risk factor (OR=1.30 95%CI 1.05-1.62).
CONCLUSIONS
These results provide evidence of the associations between shiftwork and metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease, although healthy shiftworker effects might exist in our cross sectional study design. -
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Dong-Hoon Lee, Seong-Kyu Kang, Won-Jun Choi, Kyeong Min Kwak, Dukyun Kang, Sang Ha Lee, Jun-Hyung Lee
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef - Effect of shift work on hypertension: cross sectional study
Jeong Han Yeom, Chang Sun Sim, Jiho Lee, Seok Hyeon Yun, Sang Jin Park, Cheol-In Yoo, Joo Hyun Sung
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - Association Night-Shift and Long Working-Hours Effects on Subjective Insomnia in Korean Workers: The Third Korean Working Conditions Survey
Chae-Bong Kim, Tae-Young Jung, Seoung-Min Han
The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2015; 9(1): 41. CrossRef
- Association of Control Service Types with Aviation Medical Examination Results and Sick Leave in Air Traffic Controllers in Korea
- 976 View
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Original Article
- The Association of Workplace Cumulative Noise Exposure and Blood Pressure
- Sang Yun Lee, Jai Young Kim, Hyoung June Im, Ki Jung Yoon, Hong Ryul Choi, Sang Baek Koh, Dae Hee Kang, Soo Hun Cho
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2001;13(2):200-208. Published online June 30, 2001
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2001.13.2.200
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Abstract
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- OBJECTIVES
The association of workplace cumulative noise exposure and blood pressure was investigated in this study using cross-sectional design.
METHODS
The study population comprised 852 manufacturing male workers of whom occupational health examination data, questionnaire and personnel records were available. Workplace ambient noise monitoring data was used for calculating individual cumulative noise exposure level. Mean of each systolic and diastolic blood pressure of occupational health examination data was used for individual systolic and diastolic blood pressure level. Possible confounding variables including family history of hypertension, smoking habit, alcohol drinking habit were collected by questionnaire. On the basis of job location and duration of work at the location, a cumulative time-weighted average noise level was calculated for each workers. According to this cumulative noise exposure level, each study subject was categorized as low noise exposure group, moderate noise exposure group, high noise exposure group, very high noise exposure group. Among noise exposure groups, mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure was compared after adjusting possible confounding variables such as age, body mass index, serum cholesterol level, family history of hypertension, smoking history, alcohol drinking habit.
RESULTS
After adjusting possible confounding variables, noise exposure group was significant explanatory variables for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and mean of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure of very high exposure group was higher than that of low exposure group.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggested that the high cumulative noise exposure might elevate the blood pressure. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Impact of Indoor Green in Rest Space on Fatigue Recovery Among Manufacturing Workers
ChoHye Youn, LeeBom Chung, Minji Kang, Juyoung Lee
Journal of Environmental Science International.2024; 33(3): 217. CrossRef - The relationship between occupational noise exposure and hypertension using nearest age-matching method in South Korea male workers
Min Gi Kim, Yeon-Soon Ahn, Zhongmin Jin
Cogent Engineering.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Cohort study for the effect of chronic noise exposure on blood pressure among male workers in Busan, Korea
Ji Ho Lee, Weechang Kang, Seung Rim Yaang, Nari Choy, Choong Ryeol Lee
American Journal of Industrial Medicine.2009; 52(6): 509. CrossRef
- Impact of Indoor Green in Rest Space on Fatigue Recovery Among Manufacturing Workers
- 874 View
- 1 Download
- 3 Crossref
Original Article
- Influence of Shiftwork Duration on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Variability in Short Rotating 8-hour Shiftworkers
- Mi Na Ha, Jai Young Kim, Jung Sun Park, Ho Keun Chung
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2001;13(2):180-189. Published online June 30, 2001
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2001.13.2.180
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to investigate the chronic health effect of shiftwork on cardiovascular system.
METHODS
We checked blood pressure(BP) and heart rate variability(HRV) at every shift on 134 male workers whose shift type was 8-hour and short rotating of 3 days shift interval. As confoundings, job stress was measured by Karasek's JCQ 49 items questionnaire and circardian type was assessed by morningness-eveningness questionnaire. Smoking and alcohol drinking habit, marital status and past medical history were also acquired. We used the method of repeated measured data analysis with mixed model to show the association between shiftwork duration and BP or HRV.
RESULTS
Average age of workers was 29 years olds(range 25~44). Among them, 77.9 % were current smokers, 50 % were the passive type of job strain in Karasek's model. Mean shiftwork duration was 5.21 years(range 5.4 months~10 years). In circadian type, no one was definitely morning type or definitely evening type. In multivariate analyses adjusted by age, job strain, shift, circadian rhythm and smoking, blood pressure were showed significantly increasing trends according to shiftwork duration in both systolic and diastolic(p<0.05). Heart rate variability were also showed significantly decreasing trends according to shiftwork duration in both parasympathetic and sympathetic functions(p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this studs suggests the chronic negative health effect of shiftwork on cardiovascular system. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Association between serum ferritin and hypertension according to the working type in Korean men: the fifth Korean National Health and nutrition examination survey 2010–2012
Dong-Hoon Lee, Seong-Kyu Kang, Won-Jun Choi, Kyeong Min Kwak, Dukyun Kang, Sang Ha Lee, Jun-Hyung Lee
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef - Effect of shift work on hypertension: cross sectional study
Jeong Han Yeom, Chang Sun Sim, Jiho Lee, Seok Hyeon Yun, Sang Jin Park, Cheol-In Yoo, Joo Hyun Sung
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - The Immediate Effects of Foot-bath at Diverse Temperatures on the Stress of Students in the Department of Physical Therapy who Experience Clinical Practice
Han-Ki Shin, Jong-Ho Kang
Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine.2016; 11(1): 107. CrossRef - Effect of working patterns on eating habits in manufacturing workers of Gwangju area
Ji-Suk Yim, Young-Ran Heo, Eun Jeong, Jae-Joon Lee
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2016; 49(6): 495. CrossRef - The Effect of the Physical Therapy Treatment Room Environment Using Microwave Diathermy on the Autonomic Nervous System of Human Body
Han-Ki Shin, Tae-Kyu Lee, Je-Yoon Jun, Ju-Seung Kim, Jong-Ho Kang
Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine.2015; 10(1): 37. CrossRef - Occupational Stress of Women Workers in Service Industries depending on Their Working Conditions
Su-Jin Kwak, Hye-Sun Jung
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2014; 23(2): 89. CrossRef - The Relationship between Anxiety, Depression and 24-hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Hotel Employees
Jun-Ho Bae, Jeong-Kyu SaKong, Sang-Kyu Kim
Journal of agricultural medicine and community health.2011; 36(3): 157. CrossRef
- Association between serum ferritin and hypertension according to the working type in Korean men: the fifth Korean National Health and nutrition examination survey 2010–2012
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Original Article
- The Effect of ALAD Polymorphism on the Relationship of Blood and Bone Lead with Hematologic Biomarkers in Lead Exposed Workers
- Hwa Sung Kim, Sung Soo Lee, Yong Bae Kim, Young Hwangbo, Gap Soo Lee, Kyu Dong Ahn, Bong Ki Jang, Byung Kook Lee
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2001;13(1):75-86. Published online March 31, 2001
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2001.13.1.75
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Abstract
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- OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the effect of ALAD polymorphism on the relationship of blood and bone lead with hematologic biomarkers in lead exposed workers, 450 lead exposed workers and 85 non-lead exposed workers were selected.
METHODS
Blood lead and tibia bone lead were selected as parameters of lead exposure and blood ZPP, urinary ALA (ALAU), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) were chosen as parameters of hematologic effect of lead exposure. Genotype of each subject was assayed and expressed as ALAD1 and ALAD2. Demographic information such as sex, age and personal habit of smoking and drinking were collected. Job duration of lead exposed workers was also obtained.
RESULTS
The overall prevalence of the variant allele, ALAD2 in lead exposed workers was 9.6 %(43 out of 450 lead workers) which was not differed from control workers (9.4 % : 8 out of 85). The means of tibial lead and blood ZPP in lead workers with ALAD2 were lower than those of lead workers with ALAD1, but the differences were not statistically significant. After adjusting for possible confounders (sex, job duration, BMI, drinking and smoking status) only blood lead and bone lead contributed negatively to the level of hemoglobin with statistical significance without any contribution of ALAD genotype. On the other hand, no significant effect of blood lead, bone lead and ALAD genotype were observed on the level of hematocrit after controlling possible confounder. ALAD genotype in the multiple regression analysis of blood lead and bone lead with log transformed urinary ALA (LogALAU) after adjusting for possible confounders showed significant main and interaction effect on LogALAU simultaneously, which resulted lower LogALAU in lead exposed workers of ALAD2 than ALAD1. It was also observed only main effect of ALAD gene type on blood ZPP after adjusting possible confounder resulting lower ZPP in lead workers of ALAD2 than ALAD1.
CONCLUSIONS
With above results, it was found that ALAD polymorphism did not affect on the level of hemoglobin and hematocrit, but ALAD polymorphism made significant effect on the association of blood and bone lead with urinary ALA and blood ZPP. The lower urinary ALA and blood ZPP in ALAD2 lead workers suggested that ALAD2 genotype may be supportive for the protective effect of lead.
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Original Article
- Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Heart Rate of the Workers Exposed to Industrial Noise
- Young Kee Kim, Tae Joon Cha, Joo Hyun Byun, Kwang Ook Koh, Yong Hwan Lee
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2000;12(1):99-110. Published online March 31, 2000
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2000.12.1.99
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Abstract
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- OBJECTIVES
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of industrial noise on blood pressure and heart rate.
METHODS
Resting blood pressure, hearing loss, and general characteristics of the 102 subjects who were engaged in a factory in Pusan were measured from March to June for two years, in 1998 and 1999. With noise dosimeter, noise exposure level was measured from 8 A.M. to 4 P.M. Ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate were also measured every 30 minutes from 8 A.M. to 10 P. M.
RESULTS
Controlling for age, smoking, and Quetelet's index, in subjects of under 40 years old exposed to higher than 85dBA, noise exposure and systolic blood pressure had a statistically significant correlation, and the same result was obtained in all subjects. The daily variability of ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate were observed in older than 40 years old group, but only heart rate in under 40 years old.
CONCLUSIONS
The blood pressure and heart rate would be elevated when the workers exposed to noise. And in under 40 years old, the systolic blood pressure was elevated to the workers exposed to higher than 85dBA.
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Original Article
- The Relationship between Psychosocial Distress and Lead Exposure Indices in Lead Workers
- Yong Bae Kim, Hyun Cheol Ahn, Young Hwangbo, Gap Soo Lee, Kyu Yoon Hwang, Sung Soo Lee, Kyu Dong Ahn, Byung Kook Lee
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2000;12(1):128-138. Published online March 31, 2000
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2000.12.1.128
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Abstract
PDF
- OBJECTIVES
This study was carried out to assess psychosocial distress of lead workers and to examine the relationship between lead exposure indices and psychosocial distress.
METHODS
The study design was cross-sectional and research subjects were 234 lead workers in primary smelting industry. General characteristics, job characteristics and social support were obtained by self-administered questionnaire and history taking. Psychosocial distress was measured using PWI(Psychosocial Well-being Index), a 45-item self-administered instrument. Blood lead(PbB), zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP), -aminolevulinic acid in urine(ALAU) were selected as indicators of lead exposure.
RESULTS
There was significant difference in PWI according to lead exposure level and job characteristics. The results of correlation analysis showed that PWI was significantly correlated with PbB(r=0.203, P=0.002).
CONCLUSIONS
Our results supported the association between lead exposure and psychosocial distress. The inclusion of psychosocial distress measurement as a special health examination for lead workers was highly recommended for the effective health management.
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- 1 Download
Original Article
- Health Effects of Aircraft Noise on Residents Living Near an Airport
- Kyung Jong Lee, Jae Beom Park, Jae Yeon Jang, Sun Mi Cho, Se Wi Lee, Jong Goo Kim, Soon Young Lee, Jong Ja Kwak, Ho Keun Chung
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1999;11(4):534-545. Published online December 31, 1999
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1999.11.4.534
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Abstract
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- Objectives
; This study was conducted to reveal the health effects of aircraft noise on the residents live near the military airport.
METHODS
We sampled systematically 87 residents as the high exposed group, 58 residents as the low exposed group according to the geographical distance from the airport. We also sampled 67 residents as the control group lived far from the airport. Noise levels were measured for conform the exposures. Self-administered questionnaires for symptoms, air conduction hearing threshold level, blood pressure blood cholesterol with health examinations, and SCL-90-R were introduced to get the data from the residents.
RESULTS
The Ld/n at the area near the airport was 72.4 dB, however that of control area was 67. 7 dB. The value of pure tone average, high pure tone average, and threshold of 4,000 Hz were decreased with exposure level significantly. Linear regression analysis showed that the noise exposure level of the airport was related to the hearing threshold at pure tone average, threshold of 4,000 Hz, and high pure tone average. The systemic and diastolic blood pressure showed dose-response relationship with noise exposure. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in exposed group, but not statistically significant. In linear regression, noise level was related to systolic and diastolic blood pressure with other variables such as age, sex, BMI (Body Mass Index), and family history of hypertension. SCL-90-R showed that exposed group had higher score significantly in neurotic and psychologic variable and felt the various somatic symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that aircraft noise would influence hearing loss at low frequencies as well as 4,000 Hz and higher frequencies, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and psychological response. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Influence of noise exposure on cardiocerebrovascular disease in Korea
Myoungjin Oh, Kwangsoo Shin, Kyungah Kim, Jungwoo Shin
Science of The Total Environment.2019; 651: 1867. CrossRef - Study on the Health Status of the Residents near Military Airbases in Pyeongtaek City
Hyunjoo Kim, Sangchul Roh, Ho-Jang Kwon, Ki Chung Paik, Moo-Yong Rhee, Jae-Yun Jeong, Myung Ho Lim, Mi-Jin Koo, Chang-Hoon Kim, Hae Young Kim, Jeong-Hun Lim, Dong-Hyun Kim
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2008; 41(5): 307. CrossRef
- Influence of noise exposure on cardiocerebrovascular disease in Korea
- 1,388 View
- 13 Download
- 2 Crossref
Original Article
- Manganese Concentration in Blood and Urine of Manganese Exposed Welding Workers
- Ho Chun Choi, Kangyoon Kim, Sun Hee An, Dae Woo Hyun
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1998;10(4):534-547. Published online December 31, 1998
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1998.10.4.534
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Abstract
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- Blood and urine samples were taken from 447 welders exposed to manganese containing welding fumes and 127 office workers not exposed to welding fumes as a control. The air samples were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Varian 30A, Australia), and blood and urine samples were analyzed by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer(Z-8100, Hibachi, Japan). Data were evaluated in accordance with type of industry, smoking habits, and work duration. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The limit of detection(LOD) levels of manganese in blood and urine were 0.11 microgram/100ml of and 0.14 microgram/l, respectively. Our results of manganese concentration were shown within +/-2 standard deviation which was the upper and lower warning limit (UWL or LWL) on quality control chart. 2. The airborne concentrations of manganese in welding workplaces were 0.067 mg/m3 showing differences by type of industry ; 0.017 mg/m3 in automobile assembly and manufacturing industries, 0.084 mg/m3 in steel heavy industries and 0.180 mg/m3 in shipyards. 3. The blood manganese concentrations showed differences by type of industry showing the highest values of 1.70 microgram/100m1 in shipyards, 1.24 microgram/100m1 in automobile assembly and manufacturing industries and 1.11 microgram/100ml in steel heavy industries. Urinary manganese concentration corrected by urinary creatinine concentrations was 0.34 microgram/g creatinine in automobile assembly and manufacturing industries, 0.43 microgram/g creatinine in steel heavy industries and 0.48 microgram/g creatinine in shipyards. There were no difference urinary manganese concentrations by type of industry. 4. The overall blood manganese concentration was 1.26 microgram/100ml, and urinary manganese concentration was 0.35 microgram/g creatinine in welders. In contrast to these values, blood and urinary manganese concentrations were lower in control group showing 0.73 microgram/100m1, and 0.28 microgram/g creatinine, respectively. 5. Smoking habits did not seem to affect on blood and urinary manganese concentrations both in welders and office workers. 6. Blood manganese concentrations were significantly higher in welder who had worked longer than 10 years than in welder who had worked less than 10 years. 7. The blood manganese concentrations were significantly correlated to airborne manganese concentrations(r=0.318, n=64), work duration(r=0.425, n=538), and cumulative exposure indices(CEI) (r=0.354, n=64).
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Association of serum and hair antioxidant minerals with an oxidative stress marker in relation with characteristics of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study
Yoo-Ree Kang, Mi-Kyung Sung, Hyun-Wook Baik, Mi-Kyeong Choi
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - A Study on the Total, Particle Size-Selective Mass Concentration of Airborne Manganese, and Blood Manganese Concentration of Welders in a Shipbuilding Yard
Jong Su Park, Pan Gyi Kim, Jee Yeon Jeong
Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2015; 25(4): 472. CrossRef - Associations between Airborne Manganese and Blood Manganese in the Korean General Population according to KNHANES 2008-2009
Kyung Sick Jung, Jong Dae Lee, Yong Bae Kim
Journal of Environmental Science International.2013; 22(12): 1589. CrossRef
- Association of serum and hair antioxidant minerals with an oxidative stress marker in relation with characteristics of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study
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- 3 Crossref
Original Article
- Occupational Lead Exposure of Storage Battery Industry Workers in Korea
- Pil Kyu Kang, Yong Bae Kim, Ik Soo Ahn, Jong Kyu Lee, Ku Seok Han, Hwa Sung Kim, Kyu Yoon Hwang, Gap Soo Lee, Kyu Dong Ahn, Byung Kook Lee
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1998;10(4):438-449. Published online December 31, 1998
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1998.10.4.438
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Abstract
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- In order to investigate the level of lead absorption of lead workers and to evaluate the effect of blood lead on blood zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) and prevalence of lead related symptoms, 1,782 lead workers(male: 1,506, female: 276) from 8 storage battery industries were studied. Selected variables as indices of lead exposure were blood lead, blood ZPP, and hemoglobin (HB). Fifteen questionnaires of lead related symptoms were provided to all lead workers and filled up by themselves and confirmed by medical doctors. Personal variables such as age, work duration, smoking and drinking habits were also collected. The results were follows : 1. While the mean blood lead of lead workers of all lead companies was 31.0+/-3.0 ug/100ml (male: 31.5+/-2.9 ug/100ml, female: 27.9+/-3.3 ug/100m1), the mean blood ZPP of all lead workers was 66.7+/-4.1 ug/100ml (male: 59.6+/-3.3, female: 105.3+/-3.0 ug/100ml). The mean hemoglobin of male lead workers was 15.7+/-.3 gm/100ml and that of female lead workers was 13.0+/-.3 gm/100ml. 2. The percentage of lead workers whose blood lead was over 60.0 ug/100m1 and 40.0-59.9 ug/100ml was 2.81 % and 19.08 %, respectively. On the other hand, the percentage of lead workers whose blood ZPP was over 150 ug/100ml and 100-149 ug/100ml was 5.89 % and 8.31 %, respectively. 3. The slopes of simple linear regression of blood lead (independent variable) and blood ZPP in female lead workers was significantly steeper than that of male lead workers. The slope of storage battery industries with better working condition in terms of low air concentration of lead were less steeper than those with poor working condition with high mean air concentration of lead. 4. Stepwise multiple regression analysis, using overall symptom prevalence as a dependent variables, blood lead, blood ZPP, hemoglobin, age, work duration, drinking and smoking habits as independent variables, indicated that only drinking habit and age were significantly contributed to the dependent variable.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Occupational Lead Exposure from Indoor Firing Ranges in Korea
Won-Ju Park, Suk-Ho Lee, Se-Ho Lee, Hye-Sik Yoon, Jai-Dong Moon
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2016; 31(4): 497. CrossRef - Blood lead levels of Korean lead workers in 2003–2011
Ji-Hye Kim, Eun-A Kim, Dong-Hee Koh, Kiwhan Byun, Hyang-Woo Ryu, Sang-Gil Lee
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
- Occupational Lead Exposure from Indoor Firing Ranges in Korea
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- 2 Crossref
Original Article
- A Study of the Correlation Between the Activity of Erythrocyte Pyrimidine 5'-Nucleotidase and Urinary N-Acetyl-beta-D-Glucosaminidase in Lead Exposed Workers
- Soung Hoon Chang, Cheon Hyun Hwang, Won Jin Lee, Soung Soo Lee, Byung Kook Lee, Hong Kyu Suh, Jae Wook Choi
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(2):258-266. Published online June 30, 1997
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.2.258
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Abstract
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- In this study, we measured the activity of the erythrocyte pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase (P5N) and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) from 154 workers exposed to lead and 43 workers not exposed. We analyzed the correlation of the P5N activity and NAG activity with other biological exposure indices of lead such as blood lead (PbB) and zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP). The measurement was performed by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), spectrophotometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results are as follows: 1. The mean value of P5N activity for workers exposed to lead was 9.50+/-.13 micromol uridine/hr/g Hb and 11.60+/-.2 micromol uridine/hr/g Hb for workers not exported. The P5N activity showed a normal distribution, but the other indices of lead showed logarithmic normal distributions. 2. The P5N activity and ZPP were decreased as PbB wag increased. But the NAG activity had no correlation with changes of PbB. 3. The correlation coefficients of the P5N activity with other biological exposure indices of lead such as PbB, ZPP, NAG activity were -0.72, -0.55, and 0.05, respectively. We speculated that the P5N activity can be used as a reliable biological exposure index of lead but NAG activity can be used as a biological management index of lead.
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Original Article
- Effect of Noise Exposure and Psychosocial Factors on Blood Pressure in Manufacturing Workers
- Bong Suk Cha, Sang Baek Koh, Sei Jin Chang, Jung Ku Park, Myung Guen Kang, Sang Yul Koh
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(2):244-257. Published online June 30, 1997
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.2.244
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Abstract
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- This study was conducted to assess the effects of noise exposure and psychosocial factor on blood pressure in manufacturing workers. The study subjects are 414 workers (243 males, 171 females) employed at the noisy department. The mean age of low exposed group (<85dB) was 34.65+/-9.53 years, and that of high exposed group (> or =85dB) was 36.37+/-11.15 years. The difference in mean age wart not significant. The mean and distribution of working duration, smoking status, drinking status were not significantly different between two groups. The mean systolic blood pressure of the low exposed groups was 120.01+/-12.06 mmHg, and that of high exposed group wart 126.27+/-13.84 mmHg. The mean diastolic blood pressure of the low exposed and the high exposed group were 77.18+/-10.83 mmHg, and 83.46+/-11.22 mmHg respectively. These differences of blood pressure were statistically significant(p<0.05). The workers in noisy department have significantly less work environmental satisfaction, higher job demand, and higher social support. The mean values of psychosocial distress were higher in the workers of the noisy department, but the difference was not statistically significant. This study was to speculate whether the work environmental satisfaction and social supports modify the association between the noise exposure level and the blood pressure. The results showed that work environmental satisfaction could not modify the association between the blood pressure and the noise exposure. Social support at work did not modify the association. Furthermore, we evaluated the high job strain from a combination of high job demand and low job control at work. Compared to the low strain group, the olds ratio of the high job strain group for hypertension in diastolic blood pressure were statistically significant, but not in systolic blood pressure. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to determine whether the independent variables contributed to explaining the blood pressure. After controlling for possible confounders, we found that the noise exposure level was a correlate of the diastolic blood pressure. But no association between the noise exposure level and the systolic blood pressure. No significant result was found for psychosocial factor.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Relationship Between the Psychosocial Factors and Job Stress Among Clerical Public Officers
Ho-Jin Park, Sung-Kyeong Park, Young-Chae Cho
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(9): 5610. CrossRef - Relationships Between Job Stress and Psychosocial Stress Among Nurses in a University Hospital
Sung-Kyeong Park, Jong-Oh Kim, Young-Chae Cho
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2011; 12(9): 3887. CrossRef
- Relationship Between the Psychosocial Factors and Job Stress Among Clerical Public Officers
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- 2 Crossref
Original Article
- A Study on the Lead Exposure of Workers in Secondary Smelting and Litharge Making Industries
- Je Myung Chae, Gap Soo Lee, Sung Soo Lee, Kyu Dong Ahn, Byung Kook Lee
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(1):131-139. Published online February 28, 1997
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.1.131
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Abstract
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- Two hundred and six male lead workers (86 lead workers from secondary smelting industries and 120 lead workers from litharge making industries) and 212 office workers who were not exposed to lead occupationally were studied to investigate the effect of lead on the health of lead workers in high risk operation to lead. Blood lead (PbB), zinc protoporphyrin in whole blood (ZPP), delta-aminolevulinic acid in urine (ALAU), Hematocrit (Hct) and hemoglobin (Hb) were selected as an index of lead exposure. Questionnaires of 15 lead related symptoms were provided to all study subject and filled up by themselves and reconfirmed the symptom answers by interviewing medical doctor. While the mean value of PbB, ZPP and ALAU of lead workers in secondary smelting industries were 62.7+/-14.6 microgram/dl, 103.1+/-60.5 microgram/dl and 7.4+/-10.3 mg/liter, those of lead workers in litharge making industries were 58.8+/-14.1 microgram/dl, 74.2+/-45.2 microgram/dl and 5.3+/- 7.9 mg/liter respectively, and there were statistically significant difference of mean values between two groups. Simple linear regression analysis of PBB on ZPP and ALAU shoved the steeper slope in secondary smelting industries than litharge making industries. Higher symptom prevalence rates of lead exposed group were observed in lead colic related symptom (S4) and neuromuscular symptoms compared with non-exposed workers. The prevalence of neuromuscular symptoms only showed dose-response relationship by the increase of PBB and ZPP. But more statistical significances were observed in neuromuscular symptoms by the increase of PBB than ZPP. On stepwise multiple regression using total symptom score as a dependent variable and PBB, ZPP, ALAU, Hct, Hb, age and work duration as a independent variables only ZPP and age contributed to the lead related symptoms.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- The association between cadmium and lead exposure and blood pressure among workers of a smelting industry: a cross-sectional study
Hyun Chan An, Joo Hyun Sung, Jiho Lee, Chang Sun Sim, Sang Hoon Kim, Yangho Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - Blood lead levels of Korean lead workers in 2003–2011
Ji-Hye Kim, Eun-A Kim, Dong-Hee Koh, Kiwhan Byun, Hyang-Woo Ryu, Sang-Gil Lee
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
- The association between cadmium and lead exposure and blood pressure among workers of a smelting industry: a cross-sectional study
- 814 View
- 0 Download
- 2 Crossref
Original Article
- Lead Levels in Maternal and Umbilical Cord Blood
- Jin Ha Kim, Jong Kook Moon, Gang Won Park, Kang Woo Bae, Duk Hee Lee, Yong Hwan Lee
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1996;8(3):414-422. Published online December 31, 1996
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1996.8.3.414
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Abstract
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- This study was conducted to evaluate the blood lead levels in 141 pregnant women who were not occupationally exposed to lead and their umbilical cord, arid to identify some differences in blood lead levels by living area. ; The subjects-were all delivered at St. Benedict Hospital in Pusan and the blood lead levels were measured by graphite furance atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The summarized results were as follows. 1. The geometric mean lead levels in maternal and cord blood were 8.0+/-1.8microgram/dl, 5.0+/-0.6lmicrogram/dl respectively. 2. Lead levels in maternal (8.7+/-1.7microgram/dl) and cord blood(5.4+/-0.7microgram/dl) of industrial area(n=24) were higher than residential area(n= 124) which were 7.9+/-1.7microgram/dl and 5.0+/-0.6microgram/dl respectively (p<0.05). 3. Maternal blood lead concentration was significantly correlated to cord blood lead concentration (r=0.6090, p<0.001), but other variables (maternal age, paternal smoking, birth weight, etc) were not correlated.
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Original Article
- Renal Dysfunction Indicators in Lead Exposed Workers
- Sang Ju Lee, Young Seoub Hong, Sung Ryul Kim, Dong Il Kim, Joon Youn Kim, Kap Yeol Jung
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1996;8(2):340-349. Published online September 30, 1996
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1996.8.2.340
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Abstract
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- A range of indicators is available to assess renal dysfunction in lead exposure. This study was undertaken to find out which indicators were most valuable as markers of renal dysfunction. We selected 75 male workers from the secondary lead smelter, plastic stabilizer and radiator manufacturing industries (the "exposed" group) and 64 male office workers (the "control" group). Blood lead; blood zinc protoporphyrin; urine lead; urine coproporphyrin; delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity; and urine delta-aminolevulinic acid were chosen as indicators of lead exposure. Blood urea nitrogen; serum creatinine; serum uric acid; urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase; urine albumin; urine alpha1-microglobu-lin; and urine beta2-microglobulin were used as indicators of renal dysfunction. Urine alpha1-microglobulin level was significantly associated with, the lead exposure level. Blood urea nitrogen, urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and urine alpha1-microglobulin levels were highly correlated with indicators of lead exposure. Urine alpha1-microglobulin had the highest correlation with other indicators of renal function. In addition, the proportion of subjects with high urine alpha1-microglobulin levels showed a gradient with lead exposure. Conclusively, Blood urea nitrogen, urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and urine alpha1-microglobulin are useful indicators, but urine alpha1-microglobulin is ; the early 'and the most valuable indicator of renal dysfunction related to lead exposure.
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Original Article
- Effect of Long-Term Noise Exposure on the Blood Pressure in Factory Workers
- Bok Youn Kim, Cheon Tae Kim, Jung Jeung Lee, Hong Chin Park, Chang Yoon Kim, Pock Soo Kang
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1996;8(1):43-58. Published online February 29, 1996
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1996.8.1.43
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- The question of an association between occupational noise exposure and blood pressure has important public health implications. The harmful effects of hypertension are well known and noise is considered the mosts pervasive problem of all occupational exposures in Taegu City, Korea. A cross-sectional study on the effect of long-term noise exposure on blood pressure was done for 276 noise exposed workers (203 male workers, 73 female workers). Long-term noise exposure was measured by cumulative noise exposure level and noise-induced hearing loss. Hearing loss=(500Hz+2x1,000Hz+2x2,000Hz+4,000Hz)/6 Questionaire was administered to the workers, which includes age, sex, occupational history on the noise exposure, habits on alcohol drinking and smoking, practice of regular exercise, family history of hypertension. Type A behavior, question on stress, height, weight and blood pressure were measured. Serum triglyceride and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were also measured. Audiometry was done in the closed booth at 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 4,000, 6,000, 8,000, 1,000 and 500Hz in order. Mutiple logistic regression analysis revealed that cumulative noise exposure level(p<0.05), serum triglyceride(p<0.01), age(p<0.01) and family history of hypertension (p<0.05) predict hypertension (systolic blood pressure: 160mmHg or above, or diastolic blood pressure: 95mmHg or above) in male workers. In female workers, serum triglyceride (p<0.01), LDL (p<0.01) and family history of hypertension(p<0.05) were predictors of hypertension (systolic blood pressure: 160mmHg or above, or diastolic blood pressure: 95mmHg or above). As the number of female workers with hypertension was too small, the multiple logistic regression was done according to hypertension criteria of systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 140mmHg, or diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 90mmHg. Based on this criteria, cumulative noise exposure level (p=0.055) and age (p=0.057) predict hypertension. It is suggested that long-term noise exposure which was calculated by cumulative noise exposure level was a significant predictor of hypertension in noise exposed workers.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Overview of the Environmental Damage, Property Loss, and Health Impairment of Residents around a US Air Force Firing Range
Hyun-Sul Lim
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2011; 37(3): 173. CrossRef - Cohort study for the effect of chronic noise exposure on blood pressure among male workers in Busan, Korea
Ji Ho Lee, Weechang Kang, Seung Rim Yaang, Nari Choy, Choong Ryeol Lee
American Journal of Industrial Medicine.2009; 52(6): 509. CrossRef
- Overview of the Environmental Damage, Property Loss, and Health Impairment of Residents around a US Air Force Firing Range
- 782 View
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- 2 Crossref
Original Article
- Benzidine Exposure Among Benzidine-based Dye Manufacturing Workers
- Jae Hoon Roh, Yeon Soon Ahn, Kyoo Sang Kim, Chi Nyon Kim, Hyun Soo Kim
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1995;7(2):347-353. Published online October 31, 1995
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1995.7.2.347
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Abstract
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- To evaluate,the differences of benzidine exposure patterns of the workers in two benzidine-based dye manufacturing factories, the concentration of benzidine: in. air, blood, and urine were measured. The air levels of benzidine dihydrochloride and benzidine-based dye were measured by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector. Blood samples were collected at 3 hours after exposure and urine samples were collected at the end of shift. Blood and urine samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detector. The level of benzidine in reaction process (input, diazotization, and coupling); was 0.381+/-7950 g/m3. The blood benzidine was deteced in 25 workers among 38 in reaction process and their mean levels were 0.0153?0376 ng/mg Hb. The urinary benzidine was detected for 11 workers among 38 workers in the reaction process. The level of benzidine-based dye in drying and packing process was 52.1748+/-4.4111g/m3. The blood benzidine was deteced in 6 workers among 38 in drying and packing process and their mean levels was 0.0062+/-0274 ng/mg Hb. The urinary benzidine was detected for 1 worker among 38 workers exposed to benzidine-based dye. The blood and urinary benzidine were detected in workers exposed to benzidine-based dye. Such results suggested that some part of benzidine-based dye was metaboized to benzidine. Therefore, some regulations for manufacturing and use of the benzidine-based dye are needed to prevent its hazards in industries.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- A work-relatedness assessment in epidemiological case investigation of occupational cancers: II. Practice: an upper urinary tract cancer in a dyer
Kihun Kim, Hyeoncheol Oh, Jungwon Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
- A work-relatedness assessment in epidemiological case investigation of occupational cancers: II. Practice: an upper urinary tract cancer in a dyer
- 786 View
- 5 Download
- 1 Crossref
Original Article
- Blood Lead Levels in Children
- Yong Hwan Lee, Duk Hee Lee, Jin Ha Kim, In Geun Park, Tae Young Han, She Han Jang
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1995;7(1):82-87. Published online February 28, 1995
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1995.7.1.82
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- The authors conducted this study to evaluate some differences in blood lead levels between inner-city and suburban children and obtain the basic data of the reference value of the blood lead concentrations in children. The subjects were composed of 102 children residing in inner-city and 86 children in suburban. Their age range were 6 to 8 years old and the obtained results were as follow; 1. The arithmetic means of the blood lead level in male and fenlale, male, and female children were 7.24, 7,40, 7.08 microgram/100ml, and geometric means were 6.92, 7.08, 6.76 microgram/100ml, respectively. 2. The children residing in inner-city had the higher blood lead levels both male and female than suburban children with statistical signficance (p < 0.05) 3. Seventeen percent of the total subjects had lead cencentrations ( 5 microgram/100ml, and 5.88% of inner-city children and 30.23 % of suburban children had this lead values. But in > or = 10 microgram/100ml group, the inner-city children (20.39 %) were more distributed than suburban chilren(2.33 %) , and 12.33 % of total subjects had this lead values.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Effects of CO/CO2/NO on elemental lead adsorption on carbonaceous surfaces
Zhengyang Gao, Weijie Yang
Journal of Molecular Modeling.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
- Effects of CO/CO2/NO on elemental lead adsorption on carbonaceous surfaces
- 815 View
- 2 Download
- 1 Crossref
Original Article
- A Study on the Reference Value of Erythrocyte Pyrimidine 5'-Nueleotidase Activity
- Jong Yeon Kim, Hae Joon Kim, Soung Hoon Chang, Kwang Jong Kim
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1995;7(1):63-81. Published online February 28, 1995
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1995.7.1.63
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Abstract
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- For the purpose of determining the reference value of erythrocyte pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase (P5N) activity as a biological indicator to lead exposure, this study was conducted on the total of 225 healthy men who had not been exposed to lead occupationally, in July, 1994. The parameters selected in this study were age, hemoglobin, hematocrit, number of red blood cell, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular herloglobin concentration (MCHC), blood lead, and erythrocyte P5N activity. The blood lead concentrations were measured using a flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and erythrocyte P5N activities by Sakai's simple method using a HPLC(1986). The results were obtaina as follows; 1. The distribution of blood lead concentrations revealed log-normal distribution, and geometric mean and standard deviation of blood lead were 4.09 microgram/dl and 1.55 microgram/dl, respectively. 2. The erythrocyte P5N activity showed normal distribution, and the mean and standard deviation of the erythroeyte P5N activity were 12.34 umole uridine/h/g Hb and 2.21 umole uridine/h/g Hb, respectively. 3. All of the selected variables including blood lead concentration did not affect the erythrocyte P5N activity. Although the erythrocyte P5N activities were negatively associated with blood lead level, the correlation coefficient was not statistically significant. 4. From the result of this study, 8.7 micromole uridine/h/g Hb was obtained as a reference value of erythrocyte pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase activity for the healthy adult male who had not been exposed to lead occupationally.
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Original Article
- Assessment of Cadmium in Blood and Urine of Occupationally Exposed Workers and Renal Dysfunction by Cumulative Exposure Estimate
- Seong Kyu Kang, Jeong Sun Yang, Ki Woong Kim, Jae Yeon Jang, Ho Keum Chung
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1995;7(1):101-110. Published online February 28, 1995
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1995.7.1.101
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Abstract
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- 88 workers exposed to cadmium were examined at the 12 factories using or producing cadmium in order to know the present state of cadmium exposure and renal dysfunction in 1992. Cadmium in blood and in urine were measured and compared by the 3 exposure level of cadmium in air. Cadmium in blood of low, moderate and high exposure group were 2.5, 3,8 and 7.6 microgram/L, respectively. Cadmium in urine were 1.8(1.3), 3.8(2,6) and 7.9 microgram/L(6.1 microgram/g creatinine) , resrectively. However, there was no relationship between Urinary cadmium and beta(2)-microglobulin. Cumulative exposure estimate (CEE) was calculated by multiplying the mean ambient cadmium level of the factory and working duration. CEE has a high correlation with cadmium in blood and urine, but no relation to beta(2)-microglobulin. Because working durations were relatively shorter than European workers', the highest CEE was just 300 microgram. year/m(3), which was not enough to induce renal tubular dysfunction. This study, however, suggested the possibility that renal tubular dysfunction caused by cadmium could be happened in Korea in the near future.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Chronic Cadmium Intoxication and Renal Injury Among Workers of a Small-scale Silver Soldering Company
Won-Jun Choi, Seong-Kyu Kang, Seunghon Ham, Wookyung Chung, Ae Jin Kim, Myunghee Kang
Safety and Health at Work.2020; 11(2): 235. CrossRef
- Chronic Cadmium Intoxication and Renal Injury Among Workers of a Small-scale Silver Soldering Company
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- 2 Download
- 1 Crossref
Original Article
- The Relationship between Occupational Lead Exposure and Minor Hearing Impairment
- Nam Hee Lee, Jong Tae Lee, Hae Lim Shin, In Guen Park, Chae Un Lee
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1995;7(1):10-20. Published online February 28, 1995
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1995.7.1.10
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Abstract
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- In this study the relationship between occupational lead exposure and minor hearing impairment was investigated in a cross-sectional design with 50 lead exposed workers from January to April 1994, The data were collected from the interview with the structured questionnaire which included sociodemographic variables and medical histories especially ear disease and occupational histories. Lead exposure indices which were blood lead, urine lead, zinc protoporphyrin in urine, and delta-aminolevulinic acid in urine were analyzed, Also study subjects were examined pure-tone hearing test. The results were as follows ; 1. There were significant differences in lead indices between lead-exposed workers and non-exposed workers. 2. The duration of lead exposure did not affect the hearing impairment among lead exposed workers. 3. Minor hearing impairment were higher in lead-exposed workers than non-exposed workers, but there were not statisticatly significant. The result from this study indicated that lead exposed workers should be monitored to prevent hearing impairment and would be needed health education.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Occupational Hearing Loss in Korea
Kyoo Sang Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S62. CrossRef
- Occupational Hearing Loss in Korea
- 715 View
- 2 Download
- 1 Crossref
Original Article
- Changes of Cadmium in Blood and Urine of Cadmium Exposed Rats
- Jung Duck Park, Mee Jung Kim, Byung Sun Choi, Yeon Pyo Hong, Im Won Chang
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1994;6(2):316-322. Published online September 30, 1994
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1994.6.2.316
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Abstract
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- The changes of Cadmium(Cd) in plasma, whole blood, erythrocyte and urine in Sprague-Dawley male rates exposed to intravenous single injection of 0.8 mg CdCl2/kg of body weight were investigated. Blood sample was taken at 0.5 to 672 hours, and 24 hour-urine was collected by using metabolic cage for the same period. The plasma level of Cd was reached to peak at 0.5 hour after injection and reduced rapidly in 1 hour. The Cd level in blood was the highest in plasma and the lowest in erythrocyte at 0.5 hour after injection. However, in one hour postinjection, the levels of Cd were higher in order of erythrocyte, whole blood and plasma, up to 4 weeks. The changes of urinary volume and creatinine were not significant between Cd-treated and saline-treated groups. However, urinary protein was slightly increased with time in Cd-treated group. Urinary Cd level was higher in Cd treated group than control. These results suggest that the measurement of Cd in erythrocyte and urine is valuable for the biological index to estimate recent Cd exposure.
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Original Article
- Styrene in Air and Blood and Mandelic acid in Urine in the Workers exposed to Styrene
- Ho Keun Chung, Seong Kyu Kang, Jeong Sun Yang, Ki Woong Kim, Jong Seong Lee, Young Sook Cho, In Jeong Park
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1994;6(1):113-121. Published online February 28, 1994
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1994.6.1.113
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Abstract
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- The concentration of styrene in air and in blood and mandelic acid in urine were checked for the 60 workers with normal liver function, exposed to styrene. Styrene in air were sampled with personal air sampler at least 4 hours and analyzed by gas chromatography. Blood and spot urine were collected at the end of shift with a vacuum tube and a plyethylene bottle and analyzed by has chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Means of air and blood styrene and urine mandelic acid were 8.16 ppm (geometric mean), 0.199 mg/L, and 0.519 g/g creatinine, respectively. The concentration of styrene in air and mandelic acid in urine were high in the FRP factories and low in polymerization factory. Styrene in blood showed large difference by the working process. Styrene in air showed a good correlation with mandelic acid in urine(r=0.6369) and styrene in blood(r=0.6371). The mandelic acid in urine and styrene in blood corresponded to exposure of 50 ppm styrene were 0.890 g/g creatinine and 0.434 mg/L. However, hippuric acid in urine did not show any correlation with styrene in air. Urine mandelic acid excretion expected ratio showed a tendency to decrease according to obesity index and to increase with alcohol consumption.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Evaluation of the Suitability of Establishing Biological Exposure Indices of Styrene
Ah-rum Choi, Sung-guk Im, Mi-young Lee, Se-Hoon Lee
Safety and Health at Work.2019; 10(1): 103. CrossRef
- Evaluation of the Suitability of Establishing Biological Exposure Indices of Styrene
- 829 View
- 1 Download
- 1 Crossref
Original Article
- A Study on the Associatio Between Symptoms and Biological Indicies in Workers Exposed to Lead
- Sung Bong Kim, Eun Il Lee, Kwang Jong Kim
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1990;2(2):199-205. Published online August 31, 1990
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1990.2.2.199
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Abstract
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- This research was conducted to determine the usefulness of reported symptoms for the diagnosis of lead poisoning for workers exposed to lead. A group of 147 male lead smelting workers were given special physical examinations from June to September of 1989. The examinations included the reporting of ailments(symptoms) by the workers, as well as analyses of their blood lead concentrations and urinary coproporphyrine and delta-aminolevulinic acid concentrations. the associations were analyzed between the bilogical exposure indices and the symptoms described by the workers. The results were as follows: 1. The only symptoms which were described more frequently by the lead workers compared to the control group were paresthesia of the extremities, myalgia, arthralgia, and insomnia. The frequency of other symptoms described were actually lower for the lead-exposed workers. 2. For those workers whose blood lead concentrations were above 60 microgram/dl, only the increase in the frequencies of arthralgia and paresthesia of the xtremities were statistically significant, compared to those workers whose blood lead concentrations were below 60 microgram/dl. Also, arthralgia was the only symptom which increased in frequency in workers whose ruinary coproporphyrine concentrations were above 100 microgram/l; however, this increase was not statistically significant by urinary delta-aminolevulinic acid levels.
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Original Article
- Mercury Concentration in Air and in Urine of Workers in A Fluorescent Lamp Manufacturing Factory
- Seung Hoi Park, Kwang Jong Kim, Soung Hoon Chang, Chul Whan Cha
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1989;1(2):197-205. Published online November 30, 1989
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1989.1.2.197
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Abstract
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- In order In interpret the relationship among many variables, urinary mercury and at the same time mercury concentration in air were measured for 254 workers of a fluorescent lamp manufacturing factory. And monthly mercury consumption amounts, numbers of monthly producing fluorescent lamps, numbers of inferior lamps and numbers of breakage lamps, numbers of vacuum exhaustion pumps and frequencies of mercury infusion were also investigated from January 1988 to March in 1989. The results were as follows; 1. On the mercury concentration in air by producing line and by working site, all of them were exceed the threshold limit value (0.05mg/m(2)). 2. The highest mercury concentration in air by sampling point was found at the floor of workplace (0.334mg/m(2)) and next were at vacuum exhaustion pimp (0.183mg/m(2)), and breathing zone of workers (0.103mg/m(2)) in order. 3. The highest mean of the mercury concentration in urine by producing line was the automatic exhausting line (80.8microgram/1) and next were high speed exhausting line (72.4microgram/1), and Manual exhausting line (35.8microgram/1) in order. Distribution of workers of the mercury concentration in urine more than 200microgram/1 by working site was the highest (10%) in the vacuum exhaustion pump part and next were sealing part (6.6%), packing part (4.6%), and stem part (4.1%) in order. 4. The correlation coefficient between mercury concentration in urine and in air was the highest (0.302) and next were numbers of breakage lamps (0.223), frequencies of mercury infusion (0.223), numbers of inferior lamps (0.205) in order.
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