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Original Article
Korean occupational and environmental medicine specialists: demand-supply projections
Hee-Tae Kang, Hye-Eun Lee, Mo-Yeol Kang, Chungwon Kang, Kyong sok Shin, Hyeon-Taek Heo, Yong Lim Won, Jungwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2026;e34.   Published online July 27, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2026.38.e34    [Accepted]
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Korea has experienced changes in the balance between the demand for and supply of occupational and environmental medicine (OEM) specialists due to recent policy and environmental shifts. This study projected demand and supply for these specialists for 2025–2035, focusing on those working in special health examination institutions and occupational health management agencies.
Methods
Demand was estimated by applying 2024 average workloads per OEM specialist to projected volumes of special health examinations and outsourced occupational health management for 2025–2035 under four scenarios that varied growth in outsourced management and the share of OEM specialists among participating physicians. Supply was projected using registration and official statistics for 1,010 specialists certified by 2025, combined with detailed residency cohort data, assumptions on future quotas, completion, and age at certification, and age-specific proportions working in the two institution types.
Results
Average workloads in 2024 were 4,793 workers per OEM specialist for special health examinations and 9,193 workers per physician for outsourced occupational health management. The number of OEM specialists younger than 90 years is projected to increase from 968 in 2025 to 1,244 in 2035, with those working in the two institution types increasing from 697 to 910. Depending on the scenario, demand in 2035 ranges from 838 to 943 specialists, with supply exceeding demand in three scenarios but remaining 33 specialists short in the most expansionary scenario.
Conclusions
Short‑term shortages of OEM specialists are likely but remain highly manageable, after which surplus capacity is expected. Policy efforts should therefore stabilize OEM residency pipelines and prepare institutional mechanisms to deploy surplus specialists beyond special health examinations and outsourced occupational health management.

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Original Article
Current status and demand projections for occupational and environmental medicine specialists: focus on special health examinations and outsourced occupational health management services
Hye-Eun Lee, Hee-Tae Kang, Mo-Yeol Kang, Chungwon Kang, Kyong Sok Shin, Hyeon-Taek Heo, Yong Lim Won, Jungwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2026;e23.   Published online July 1, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2026.38.e23    [Accepted]
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Occupational and environmental medicine (OEM) specialists are key personnel within the occupational health system. Recent developments, such as the introduction of the Serious Accidents Punishment Act and the expansion of occupational health policies targeting vulnerable workers, have highlighted the need to broaden the role of OEM specialists. This study analyzed the current workload of OEM specialists and projected their medium- to long-term demand.
Methods
The demand for OEM specialists was defined as the actual observed service utilization volume under the current legal, institutional, and policy environment. Key work areas were categorized as special health examinations and outsourced occupational health management services. Data sources included administrative records from the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA) and the Ministry of Employment and Labor (MoEL), statistics on worker health examination results, and evaluation data from specialized agencies for occupational health management. Demand through 2035 was projected by applying the observed historical growth trend in service utilization. The required number of specialists was calculated by applying the average workload per specialist in the base year.
Results
As of 2025, 577 OEM specialists were working at 255 special health examination institutions. Among the 153 occupational health management agencies, 265 physicians were employed, including 133 OEM specialists. The number of workers requiring services from OEM specialists is predicted to continue growing. Applying the current average workload per physician, an additional 132 special health examination physicians and 92 occupational health management agency physicians will be needed by 2035.
Conclusions
Actual workforce demand may differ from the projections presented in this study depending on changes in policies, industrial structure, service delivery models, and work efficiency. Future studies should incorporate need-based estimates that reflect the diverse roles of OEM specialists and use integrated workforce data to provide more refined projections.

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Original Article
Occupational health risk assessment, exposure monitoring, and medical surveillance in the UK, EU, and US: a comparative analysis and implications for occupational disease prevention in Korea
Sangjun Choi, Kyong-Hui Lee, Kyung Ehi Zoh, Dong-Hee Koh, Won Kim, Kwonchul Ha, Dong-Uk Park
Ann Occup Environ Med 2026;38:e18.   Published online June 15, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2026.38.e18
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDF
Background
Although most countries maintain occupational safety and health (OSH) legislation to prevent occupational diseases, the legal codification and integration of occupational health risk assessment (HRA), exposure monitoring, and medical surveillance vary substantially across jurisdictions; therefore, this study compared the legal frameworks of Korea, the United Kingdom (UK), the European Union (EU), and the United States (US) to examine the linkage among these elements, assess whether they support estimation of individual cumulative past exposure, and derive implications for improving occupational disease prevention in Korea.
Methods
This qualitative comparative legal analysis examined employer obligations related to quantitative exposure monitoring, HRA, and medical surveillance under the OSH systems of the UK, the EU, the US, and Korea. Primary statutes and subordinate regulations were systematically reviewed to assess how these elements are mandated, linked, and supported by record-keeping provisions enabling cumulative exposure estimation.
Results
The UK and the EU explicitly require HRA as a regulatory starting point and link exposure monitoring and medical surveillance to the outcomes of risk assessment, with targeted hazard-based provisions for intrinsically high-risk agents. The US adopts a hybrid approach, imposing mandatory monitoring and medical surveillance for high-hazard substances under 29 Code of Federal Regulations 1910 Subpart Z while relying on general statutory duties elsewhere. Korea applies broad list-based requirements for exposure monitoring and medical surveillance that are largely independent of HRA outcomes and do not include legally mandated variables necessary for systematic cumulative exposure estimation. In contrast, the UK, the EU, and partially the US provide legal mechanisms, including long-term record-keeping provisions, that enable reconstruction of individual cumulative occupational exposure.
Conclusions
Strengthening the integration of HRA, exposure monitoring, and medical surveillance—together with improved record-keeping structures that support cumulative exposure reconstruction—may contribute to more effective occupational disease prevention and long-term medical surveillance in Korea.
영국·EU·미국의 질병 위험성평가, 작업환경측정, 질병감시 제도 비교를 통한 한국 직업병 감시제도에 대한 시사점
배경
대부분 국가는 근로자 직업병 예방을 위해 산업안전보건법을 운영하고 있다. 이 중 근로자 질병 위험성평가(위험성평가), 정량적 노출평가(작업환경측정 등), 질병감시제도의 내용과 연계 구조는 다르다.
방법
본 연구는 영국, EU, 미국, 한국의 산업안전보건법 중 노출평가, 위험성평가, 질병감시제도에 대한 의무 내용을 비교하고 고찰했다. 질병 위험 지표인 근로자 개인 과거 누적 노출 추정이 가능한지 기록내용도 포함했다.
결과
영국과 EU는 위험성평가를 질병 감시체계의 출발점으로 명시하고 이를 근거로 정량적 측정과 질병 감시를 연계하고, 일부 고 독성 유해인자(암과 변이원성 물질)에 대해서는 제한적인 유해성 기반 측정과 검진 의무 규정을 두고 있다. 미국은 29 CFR 1910 Subpart Z에 따라 약 30여가지 고 독성 물질에 대해 노출측정과 건강감시를 의무화하고, 그 외 유해인자는 일반적 법적 의무에 기반한 혼합형 제도를 운영한다. 모두 근로자 개인 누적 노출 수준 추정이 가능하도록 노출변수 등이 기록은 물론 보존기한이 30년 이상으로 의무화되어 있다. 반면 한국은 유해성 중심 인자 목록(약 190여 종)을 대상으로 따라 노출과 상관없이 작업환경측정과 질병감시(특수건강검진)를 의무화하고 위험성평가 등 제도와의 연계가 제한적이다. 또한 개인 누적 노출을 추정하기 위한 항목(근무기간별 직무변화, 노출강도 등) 기록 의무도 없다.
결론
한국은 근로자 개인 누적 노출에 기반한 질병 위험을 평가하는 위험성평가, 작업환경측정, 특수건강검진 제도가 서로 연계되어 직업병 감시체계를 강화하는 제도 개선이 필요하다.
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Original Article
Development of criteria for health examination of high-risk occupational groups and application to female fishers: Delphi study
Hye-min Kim, Jungwon Kim, Kunhyung Kim, Hansoo Song
Ann Occup Environ Med 2026;38:e2.   Published online January 8, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2026.38.e2
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDFSupplementary Material
Background
The objective of this study was to establish criteria for designing health examination programs and selecting appropriate examination items for high-risk occupational groups and to apply these criteria specifically to female fishers.
Methods
The first Delphi survey comprised five domains and 15 specific criteria for identifying relevant health screening items for high-risk occupations. The second survey included open-ended questions addressing inconsistencies identified in the first survey and sought suggestions for additional items. In the third Delphi survey, specific health screening items were proposed for female fishers, and experts directly evaluated these items according to the finalized selection criteria.
Results
Twenty-eight experts participated in this study. The first and second Delphi rounds facilitated the finalization of selection criteria for health screening items, consisting of five domains: Domain 1, Priority of target disease; Domain 2, Applicability of early detection and intervention; Domain 3, Scientific evidence of medical test method; Domain 4, Acceptability of medical test method; and Domain 5, Effectiveness of examination. Content validity ratios for these criteria ranged between 0.429 and 1.000. Based on the established criteria, experts evaluated eight proposed screening items for female fishers in the third round of the Delphi survey. Bone density, bioelectrical impedance analysis, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and fundoscopy were evaluated as appropriate; however, no agreement was reached on the early detection and intervention areas for degenerative lumbar disease, knee osteoarthritis, and upper extremity disease, as well as on the effectiveness for upper extremity disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Conclusion
This study successfully established comprehensive criteria for selecting diseases targeted by health examinations in high-risk occupational groups. The practical application of these criteria proved effective in assessing the appropriateness of specific health screening items.
고위험 직업군 건강검진 기준 개발 및 여성 어업종사자에의 적용: 델파이 조사
배경
본 연구의 목적은 고위험 직업군을 위한 건강검진 프로그램 설계 기준과 적절한 검사 항목을 선정하는 기준을 수립하고, 이를 여성 어업종사자에게 구체적으로 적용하는 것이었다.
방법
첫 번째 델파이 조사에서는 고위험 직업군의 건강검진 항목을 선정하기 위한 5개 영역과 15개의 기준을 설정하였다. 두 번째 조사에서는 첫 번째 조사에서 발견된 불일치를 해소하고 추가 항목에 대한 제안을 받기 위해 개방형 질문을 포함하였다. 세 번째 델파이 조사에서는 여성 어업종사자에게 적용할 건강검진 항목을 제안하고, 전문가들이 최종 선정 기준에 따라 해당 항목을 평가하였다.
결과
본 연구에는 28명의 전문가가 참여하였다. 첫 번째와 두 번째 델파이 조사에서는 건강검진 항목 선정 기준이 확정되었으며, 이 기준은 다음의 5개 영역으로 구성되었다: <영역 1: 대상 질병의 우선순위>, <영역 2: 조기 발견 및 개입의 적용 가능성>, <영역 3: 의학적 검사 방법에 대한 과학적 근거>, <영역 4: 의학적 검사 방법의 수용 가능성>, <영역 5: 검사의 효과성>. 각 기준의 내용 타당도 비율은 0.429에서 1.000 사이였다. 확립된 기준에 따라, 세 번째 델파이 조사에서 여성 어업종사자를 위한 8개 건강검진 항목이 평가되었으며, 골밀도, 생체 전기 저항 분석, 심혈관 질환 위험 인자, 안저 검사는 적절한 항목으로 평가되었으나, 퇴행성 요추 질환, 무릎 골관절염, 상지 질환 및 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환의 조기 발견 및 개입 영역과 상지 질환과 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환의 효과성에 대해서는 전문가들 간의 합의가 이루어지지 않았다.
결론
본 연구는 고위험 직업군의 건강검진을 위한 질병 선정 기준을 성공적으로 확립하였다. 이 기준을 실제로 적용함으로써 특정 건강검진 항목의 적절성을 평가하는 데 효과적임을 확인하였다.
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Original Article
Development of standard job classification codes for building a job-exposure matrix for police officers
Sangjun Choi, Ju-Hyun Park, Inah Kim, Jungwon Jang, Jeehee Min, Sang Baek Koh, Seongwon Kim, Yeji Sung, Kyoung Yoon Ko, Su Min Oh, Un-Yeol Jeon
Ann Occup Environ Med 2025;37:e10.   Published online April 28, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2025.37.e10
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDFSupplementary Material
Background
This study aimed to develop standard job categories for constructing a job-exposure matrix (JEM) for police officers in South Korea and to evaluate their applicability.
Methods
We examined standard job codes related to police personnel management and compared them with job classifications from police publications. Using R Shiny, we developed a web-based search tool for standard codes. A pilot survey of 130 police officers assessed the codes' applicability and relevance to health-related hazardous factors.
Results
Eighty-seven standard functional codes used in the police personnel management system POOL were organized into minor categories as the basic units of standard jobs. These were grouped into 20 sub-major categories and further consolidated into 10 major categories to develop the standard job codes. The responses to the standard job codes in the pilot survey were 75% accurate compared with the final expert evaluation results and 99.2% accurate compared with the algorithm-based automatic allocation results. The results of the job-hazardous factor network analysis revealed that the most frequently reported hazardous factor was emotional labor, followed by night shifts and electromagnetic waves. Emotional labor was identified as the top hazardous factor in six out of the nine standard job categories.
Conclusions
The standard job codes developed in this study were designed in connection with the personnel management system for police officers, making them well-suited for constructing a comprehensive JEM for the entire police force.
경찰관 직무-노출 매트릭스 구축을 위한 표준직무 코드 개발
목적
본 연구는 한국 경찰관에 대한 직무-노출 매트릭스(JEM) 구축을 위해 표준직무 코드를 개발하고 적용 가능성을 평가하고자 실시되었다.
방법
경찰관 인사관리 시스템을 검토하고, 경찰청 공식 발간물 및 조직도상의 직무관련 분류 체계를 검토하였다. R Shiny를 활용하여 웹 기반 표준코드 검색기를 개발하였고, 130명의 경찰관을 대상으로 시범 설문을 통해 경찰관들이 표준직무 코드를 잘 선택하는지 평가하였다. 또한 소속 부서 및 기능 등의 기술내용을 활용하여 표준직무 코드를 자동할당 하는 알고리즘을 만들어 자동할당 가능성을 평가하였다.
결과
경찰관 인사관리 시스템에서 활용 가능한 직무 관련 정보를 검토한 결과 87개의 기능코드를 기반으로 20개의 중분류, 10개의 대분류 표준직무 코드를 개발하였고, 웹 기반 검색기 링크(https://kscf.shinyapps.io/pff_app/)를 통해 자세한 국문 코드명과 설명을 확인하고, 코드 검색이 가능하도록 하였다. 시범 설문 결과 응답자들의 표준직무 코드 선택 정확도는 75.4% 였고, 자동할당 결과의 정확도는 99.2%였다. 직무-유해요인 설문조사 결과 가장 많이 응답한 유해요인은 감정노동이었고, 다음으로 야간근무, 전자기파 순이었다.
결론
본 연구에서 개발한 표준직무 코드는 경찰관의 인사시스템과 연동되어 경찰관 전체에 대한 JEM 구축에 잘 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대되며, 향후 표준직무 코드를 적용한 경찰관 건강영향 관련 전수 설문조사를 통해 JEM 구축을 실시할 예정이다.
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Original Article
Occupation classification model based on DistilKoBERT: using the 5th and 6th Korean Working Condition Surveys
Tae-Yeon Kim, Seong-Uk Baek, Myeong-Hun Lim, Byungyoon Yun, Domyung Paek, Kyung Ehi Zoh, Kanwoo Youn, Yun Keun Lee, Yangho Kim, Jungwon Kim, Eunsuk Choi, Mo-Yeol Kang, YoonHo Cho, Kyung-Eun Lee, Juho Sim, Juyeon Oh, Heejoo Park, Jian Lee, Jong-Uk Won, Yu-Min Lee, Jin-Ha Yoon
Ann Occup Environ Med 2024;36:e19.   Published online August 6, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2024.36.e19
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDFSupplementary Material
Background

Accurate occupation classification is essential in various fields, including policy development and epidemiological studies. This study aims to develop an occupation classification model based on DistilKoBERT.

Methods

This study used data from the 5th and 6th Korean Working Conditions Surveys conducted in 2017 and 2020, respectively. A total of 99,665 survey participants, who were nationally representative of Korean workers, were included. We used natural language responses regarding their job responsibilities and occupational codes based on the Korean Standard Classification of Occupations (7th version, 3-digit codes). The dataset was randomly split into training and test datasets in a ratio of 7:3. The occupation classification model based on DistilKoBERT was fine-tuned using the training dataset, and the model was evaluated using the test dataset. The accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score were calculated as evaluation metrics.

Results

The final model, which classified 28,996 survey participants in the test dataset into 142 occupational codes, exhibited an accuracy of 84.44%. For the evaluation metrics, the precision, recall, and F1 score of the model, calculated by weighting based on the sample size, were 0.83, 0.84, and 0.83, respectively. The model demonstrated high precision in the classification of service and sales workers yet exhibited low precision in the classification of managers. In addition, it displayed high precision in classifying occupations prominently represented in the training dataset.

Conclusions

This study developed an occupation classification system based on DistilKoBERT, which demonstrated reasonable performance. Despite further efforts to enhance the classification accuracy, this automated occupation classification model holds promise for advancing epidemiological studies in the fields of occupational safety and health.

DistilKOBERT를 기반으로 한 직업 분류 모델 개발: 제5차, 6차 한국근로실태조사를 이용하여
목적
정확한 직업분류는 정책 개발 및 역학 연구를 포함한 다양한 분야에서 중요하다. 본 연구는 자연어처리모델인 DistilKoBERT를 기반으로 한 직업 분류 모델을 개발하는 것을 목표로 한다.
방법
본 연구는 2017년과 2020년에 실시된 제5차와 제6차 근로환경조사 (KWCS)의 데이터를 활용하였다. 대한민국 근로자를 국가적으로 대표하는 총 99,665명의 참가자가 포함되었고, 직무 내용과 관련된 자연어 응답과 그에 맞는 대한민국 표준직업 분류코드(7차 개정, 3자리 코드)를 연구에 사용하였다. 데이터셋은 7:3의 비율로 훈련 및 테스트 데이터셋으로 무작위로 분할되었고, 사전 학습된 DistilKoBERT을 훈련 데이터셋을 통해 파인튜닝하여 모델을 학습시키고, 테스트 데이터셋을 사용하여 그 기능을 평가하였다. 정확도, 정밀도, 재현율 및 F1 점수가 평가 지표로 계산되었다.
결과
테스트 데이터셋의 28,996명의 참가자를 142개의 직업 코드로 분류한 최종 모델은 84.44%의 정확도를 보였다. 샘플 크기를 기준으로 가중치를 적용하여 계산한 모델의 정밀도, 재현율 및 F1 점수는 각각 0.83, 0.84 및 0.83 이었다. 최종 모델은 서비스, 판매 종사자 그룹에서 높은 정밀도를 보여주었지만 관리자 그룹에서는 낮은 정밀도를 보였다. 또한 훈련 데이터셋에서 표본의 수가 많았던 직업에서 대체로 높은 정밀도를 보였다.
결론
본 연구는 DistilKoBERT를 기반으로 합리적인 성능을 보이는 직업 분류 모델을 개발하였다. 분류의 정확성을 향상시키기 위한 추가적인 노력이 필요하지만, 자동화된 직업 분류 모델은 직업 안전 및 보건 분야의 유행병 연구를 발전시키는 데 기여할 것이라 기대된다.

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[Special Collection] Working hours as a social determinants of workers' health

Editorial
Special Series I: Working hours as a social determinant of workers’ health
Kyunghee Jung-Choi, Tae-Won Jang, Mo-Yeol Kang, Jungwon Kim, Eun-A Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2023;35:e16.   Published online July 6, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2023.35.e16
PDFSupplementary Material

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  • Changes in Korea’s working time policy: the need for research on flexible working hours considering socioeconomic inequality
    Inah KIM
    Industrial Health.2024; 62(2): 77.     CrossRef
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Review
Technetium-99m hand perfusion scintigraphy (Raynaud’s scan) as a method of verification in hand arm vibration syndrome: a review
Taewoong Ha, Hyeoncheol Oh, Jungwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2022;34:e26.   Published online October 11, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2022.34.e26
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDF

It is important to assess the blood flow of fingers in the verification of hand-arm vibration syndrome. In the Republic of Korea, most assessments of the blood flow in the fingers are performed using a cold provocation test with finger skin color change. However, this test is a non-objective method with a relatively low sensitivity, leading to possible social and legal problems. Thus, we reviewed the characteristics of several tests that assess the blood flow in the fingers. Among these tests, using the radioactive isotope method, Raynaud’s scan has a relatively higher sensitivity and specificity than other tests, provides objective results, and is approachable in many hospitals. So we suggest using Raynaud's scan as an alternative test when cold provocation test with finger skin color change is negative in vibration exposed worker.

테크네튬-99m 레이노 스캔을 이용한 수완진동 증후군 진단 리뷰
수완진동증후군의 검증에서는 손가락의 혈류를 평가하는 것이 중요하다. 대한민국에서는 레이노증후군의 업무관련성 평가 시 대부분 손가락의 혈류량 평가를 냉각부하 손가락 피부색 변화 검사만으로 시행하고 있다. 그러나 이 검사는 상대적으로 민감도가 낮은 주관적인 검사방법으로 사회적, 법적 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 우리는 손가락의 혈류를 평가할 수 있는 여러 검사의 특성을 검토하였다. 이 검사 방법들 중, 방사성 동위원소법을 이용한 레이노스캔은 객관적인 결과를 제공하며 다른 검사방법들에 비하여 상대적으로 민감도와 특이도가 높고 많은 병원에서 접근성이 좋다. 따라서 진동노출작업자에서 냉각부하 손가락 피부색 검사 결과가 음성인 경우 대안검사로서 레이노스캔을 사용할 것을 제안한다.

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    Vascular Specialist International.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Original Article
Association between sleep disturbance and occupational injury among Korean employees
Jongwoo Lee, Seong-Sik Cho, JungIl Kim, Mo-yeol Kang, Suhwan Ju, Byoung Gwon Kim, Young Seoub Hong
Ann Occup Environ Med 2021;33:e29.   Published online September 10, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2021.33.e29
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDF
Background

Occupational injury has been a serious social problem steadily. Sleep disturbance is a risk factor for occupational injury. However, there were few researches studied on the linking between sleep disturbance and occupational injury in general working population of Korea. Therefore, we explored the association between sleep disturbance and occupational injury among Korean workers.

Methods

This study used data from the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey. Occupational injury was assessed by asking work related injury for 12 months prior to the point of the survey. Sleep disturbance was assessed using the Minimal Insomnia Symptoms Scale (MISS). To analyze the association between sleep disturbance and occupational injury, multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted.

Results

The odds ratio (OR) of sleep disturbance group for occupational injury was 2.57 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.68–3.93) in the fully adjusted model. For the association between MISS score and occupational injury, it showed increasing trend that ORs increase from the 1st to the 4th quartiles. The OR of 2nd quartile was 1.10 (95% CI: 0.60–2.01), the OR of 3rd quartile was 2.27 (95% CI: 1.53–3.38) and the OR of 4th quartile was 2.80 (95% CI: 1.84–4.26).

Conclusions

Sleep disturbance was associated with occupational injury. In addition, increasing trend was observed between MISS score and occupational injury. These findings imply that developing of intervention programs to manage sleep disturbance and fatigue may be necessary to prevent occupational injury.

수면장애와 직업성 손상과의 연관성
목적
업무관련 손상은 심각한 사회적 문제이다. 그러나 한국에서 수면장애와 업무관련 손상의 연관성을 연구한 연구는 드물다. 따라서, 우리는 한국 근로자들의 수면 장애와 업무관련 손상 사이의 연관성을 조사하였다.
방법
이 연구는 제5차 한국 취업자 근로환경조사 자료를 활용했다. 업무관련 손상은 조사 시점의 1년 동안 업무관련 손상에 대해 질문함으로써 평가되었다. 수면 장애는 최소 불면증 증상 척도(MISS)를 사용하여 평가되었다. 수면 장애와 업무관련 손상 간의 연관성을 분석하기 위해 다중 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 수행하였다.
결과
보정된 모델에서 수면 장애 그룹의 오즈비는 2.57(95% CI: 1.68 - 3.93)이었다. 수면 장애의 정도와 업무관련 손상 사이의 연관성에 대해서는 오즈비가 1 사분위수에서 4 사분위로 증가한다는 노출(용량)-반응 관계를 보였다. 2분위수의 오즈비는 1.10(95% CI: 0.60–2.01)이었고, 3분위수의 오즈비는 2.27(95% CI: 1.53–3.38)이었으며, 4분위수의 오즈비는 2.80(95% CI: 1.84–4.26)이었다.
결론
수면 장애는 업무관련 손상과 관련이 있다. 또한, 수면 장애의 심각성과 업무관련 손상 사이에 노출-반응 관계가 관찰되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 이후 전향적 코호트 형태의 연구가 필요하며, 업무관련 손상을 방지하기 위해 수면 장애와 피로를 관리하기 위한 개입 프로그램의 도입이 필요할 수 있음을 시사한다.

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    Cher Ryn Lim, Satoshi Ogawa, Yatinesh Kumari
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    Emmanuel Nyaaba, Pius W. Kudeto, Vanessa F. Epis, Patrick Azong
    Geopsychiatry.2025; 2: 100023.     CrossRef
  • Sleep Disturbance Among Workers: Interaction and Mediation of Job Satisfaction and Social Support
    Jian Lee, Jongmin Lee, Juyeon Oh, Hyejin Kim, Subin Kim, Heejoo Park, Juho Sim, Byungyoon Yun, Jin-Ha Yoon
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Anmut Endalkachew Bezie, Asmare Asrat Yirdaw, Eyob Tilahun Abeje, Lamrot Yohannes, Giziew Abere, Awoke Keleb
    Sage Open Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Jaehyuk Jung, Jiyoung Lim, Yong Hyuk Cho, Jae Bum Park, Inchul Jeong
    Journal of Occupational Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Oluwafemi Gbolahan Aremu, Osahon Jeffery Asowata, David Kadan Danladi, Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle, Onoja Matthew Akpa
    Journal of Human Hypertension.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Research Article
Environmental health survey for children residing near mining areas in South Gobi, Mongolia
Ulziikhishig Surenbaatar, Byoung-gwon Kim, Jeong-Wook Seo, Hyoun-Ju Lim, Jung-Yeon Kwon, Min-Kyung Kang, Enkhjargal Altangerel, Tsogtbaatar Byambaa, Suvd Batbaatar, Oyunchimeg Myagmardorj, Chul-Woo Lee, Young-Seoub Hong
Ann Occup Environ Med 2021;33:e10.   Published online March 31, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2021.33.e10
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

We evaluated the level and factors of heavy metal exposure to children residing in the Togttsetsii, Khanbogd, and Bayandalai soums of South Gobi province, Mongolia.

Methods

A total of 118 children aged 9–12 years were surveyed, and the level of heavy metal exposure in their bodies was investigated. Exposure was investigated by measuring concentrations of heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, and mercury in the blood; mercury concentration in the hair; and total arsenic in the urine.

Results

Blood cadmium concentration had geometric averages of 0.16 µg/L in the children from Bayandalai, 0.15 µg/L Tsogttsetsii, and 0.16 µg/L Khanbogd. Blood lead concentration showed a relatively higher geometric average of 7.42 µg/dL in the children from Bayandalai compared to 4.78 µg/dL and 5.15 µg/dL in those from Tsogttsetsii and Khanbogd, respectively. While blood mercury concentration was the highest in the children from Bayandalai, with a value of 0.38 µg/L, those from Tsogttsetsii and Khanbogd had similar concentrations of 0.29 µg/L and 0.29 µg/L, respectively. Hair mercury concentration was the highest in the children from Bayandalai, with a value of 78 µg/g, a particularly significant difference, with a concentration of 0.50 µg/g in those from Khanbogd. Urine arsenic concentration was the highest in the children from Khanbogd, with a value of 36.93 µg/L; it was 26.11 µg/L in those from Bayandalai and 23.89 µg/L in those from Tsogttsetsii.

Conclusions

The high blood lead concentration of children in Bayandalai was judged to be due to other factors in addition to mine exposure; the reason why blood and hair mercury concentration was higher in children from Bayandalai may have been due to exposure to many small-scale gold mines in the area. In the case of Khanbogd, it was estimated that the high arsenic level in urine was caused by the effect of mines.


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    Cut Dian Nuryanty, Etty Riani, Zaenal Abidin, Surjono Hadi Sutjahjo, Agung Riyadi
    Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry.2024; 106(1-10): 182.     CrossRef
  • The impacts of mining on soil pollution with metal(loid)s in resource-rich Mongolia
    Václav Pecina, David Juřička, Josef Hedbávný, Martin Klimánek, Jindřich Kynický, Martin Brtnický, Renata Komendová
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Eunyoung Park, Suwhan Kim, Seunghyeon Cho, Hyeonjun Kim, Inho Jung, Jai-Dong Moon, Won-Ju Park
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Jens Bertram, Christian Ramolla, André Esser, Thomas Schettgen, Nina Fohn, Thomas Kraus
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(10): 6083.     CrossRef
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Review
A work-relatedness assessment in epidemiological case investigation of occupational cancers: II. Practice: an upper urinary tract cancer in a dyer
Kihun Kim, Hyeoncheol Oh, Jungwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2020;32:e31.   Published online September 1, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e31
AbstractAbstract PDF

An epidemiological case investigation of occupational cancer is conducted to determine the causation between the cancer and the worker's job. This review describes the overall process of work-relatedness assessment of the epidemiological case investigation through a case of upper urinary tract cancer (UUTC) in benzidine exposed worker in dyeing industry. Medical referrals, occupational history, material safety data sheet, and working environment monitoring submitted by the Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service were reviewed. We further investigated literatures about the cotton dyeing industry, the domestic law and working environment monitoring reports. Benzidine was listed as an International Agency for Research on Cancer risk factor only for bladder cancer among urinary tract cancers, requiring different logical grounds for establishing causation. A literature review was conducted on the metabolic pathways of benzidine to establish biological plausibility. In addition, several papers were investigated that UUTC and bladder cancer share risk factors to extrapolate the epidemiological studies of bladder cancer. Epidemiologic studies of benzidine and bladder cancer were investigated. The worker is a 71-year-old man and performed dyeing and transporting at several dyeing factories for 29 years. The worker was diagnosed with UUTC based on radiologic and histologic results. It was critical to consider that he worked as a dyer for 3 years. The cancer was diagnosed in 2018, with a latent period of approximately 35 years. The worker performed cotton dyeing, and benzidine-based dye was mainly used. The quantitative exposure level of benzidine was reported from non-detection to 397.4 µg/m3. In biological metabolisms, N-acetylhydroxylamine changes DNA structure of urothelium. As a result of reviewing 4 epidemiological studies, the standardized incidence ratio and standardized mortality ratio were significantly high with 3 years of exposure. Work-relatedness was finally assessed as probable based on biological mechanisms and epidemiological evidence. This review will help solutions for work-relatedness assessment processes.


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Review
A work-relatedness assessment in epidemiological case investigation of occupational cancers: I. Principles
Kihun Kim, Jungwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2020;32:e30.   Published online September 1, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e30
AbstractAbstract PDF

It is important to identify the causal relationship between occupational exposure and the disease in the area of compensation because most cancers have long latent period. This review presents the principles that should be considered when evaluating the work-relatedness. We reviewed reports on occupational cancers published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, National Toxicology Program, Environmental Protection Agency, European Union, which are the world's most prestigious organizations. In addition, we reviewed relevant papers and books published in Korea. The process is conducted in the order of cancer diagnosis, exposure assessment for carcinogens, and work-relatedness assessment. The probability of causation is determined stochastically rather than deterministically. There is no absolute standard for accreditation criteria and results may vary according to expert opinions and in each country or organization. Revealing the causal relationship of occupational cancers is a difficult process owing to inconsistency in relevant epidemiological studies, lack of well-established biological mechanisms, loss of objective occupational historical data, and other complexity of individual cases. Causation is unclear in many cases. Nevertheless, the data should be reviewed in detail for each case suspected of work-related cancers, and an assessment should be made through valid and plausible logic and literature evidences.


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  • Feasibility of acquiring occupational data from cancer patients’ medical records in Malaysian oncology centres
    Nadia Mohamad, Sakshaleni Rajendiran, Nurul Amalina Khairul Hasni, Nik Muhammad Nizam Nik Hassan, Rafiza Shaharudin, Ros Suzanna Ahmad Bustamam, Nolia Luhong Bilang, Mohd Azahadi Omar, Nik Khairol Reza Md Yazin, Rohaida Ismail
    BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Technetium-99m hand perfusion scintigraphy (Raynaud’s scan) as a method of verification in hand arm vibration syndrome: a review
    Taewoong Ha, Hyeoncheol Oh, Jungwon Kim
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 3,141 View
  • 21 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
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Research Article
Effects of job stress on symptoms of bipolar spectrum disorder in an electronic parts manufacturing company
Hyeonchoel Oh, Kihun Kim, Taewoong Ha, Jungwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2020;32:e25.   Published online July 13, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e25
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Mental illness is known to be caused by genetic, biological, and environmental risk factors. Although previous studies have established the link between mental illness and job stress, most of them are limited to major depression disorder. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between job stress and bipolar spectrum disorder (BSD).

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study based on a survey conducted in April 2017 at an electronic parts manufacturing company in Busan. In a total of 441 workers, the degree of BSD was identified using the Korean version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire, and the degree of job stress was identified using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale Short Form. This study also identified general characteristics of workers and job-related factors. The χ2 test and Fisher's exact test was conducted to determine the differences among the variables, based on BSD. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the influence of independent variables on BSD.

Results

Cross-analysis showed significant differences between the BSD high-risk and low-risk groups regarding age, sex, occupation, smoking, problem drinking, job stress total score, occupational climate, and major depression disorder symptom. In addition, the significant differences between the BSD high-risk and low-risk groups about job stress were observed in terms of job demand, job insecurity, and occupational climate. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the high-risk group in the job stress group had a higher effect on BSD than the low-risk group (odds ratio [OR]: 2.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–4.88). Among the categories of job stress, high-risk groups in 3 areas—job demand (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.27–5.17), job insecurity (OR: 4.42, 95% CI: 1.19–16.42), and occupational climate (OR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.29–5.05)—were more likely to have an impact on BSD than the low-risk groups.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that the high-risk groups of job stress total score, job demand, job insecurity, and occupational climate had a more significant effect on BSD than the low-risk groups. As workers with BSD may have difficulties in their work and personal lives, there is a need to manage job stress to prevention of BSD.


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    Manuel Gardea‐Resendez, Manuel Fuentes‐Salgado, Francisco Romo‐Nava, Miguel L. Prieto, David J. Bond, Aysegul Ozerdem, Hannah K. Betcher, Katherine M. Moore, Melissa Solares‐Bravo, Mete Ercis, Alessandro Miola, Jorge A. Sanchez‐Ruiz, Marin Veldic, Balwind
    Bipolar Disorders.2025; 27(8): 545.     CrossRef
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    Elise Marion‐Paris, Emma Beetlestone, Raphaël Paris, Mouloud Bouhadfane, Antoine Villa, Marie‐Pascale Lehucher‐Michel
    Scandinavian Journal of Psychology.2023; 64(2): 171.     CrossRef
  • The clinical characterization of the adult patient with bipolar disorder aimed at personalization of management
    Roger S. McIntyre, Martin Alda, Ross J. Baldessarini, Michael Bauer, Michael Berk, Christoph U. Correll, Andrea Fagiolini, Kostas Fountoulakis, Mark A. Frye, Heinz Grunze, Lars V. Kessing, David J. Miklowitz, Gordon Parker, Robert M. Post, Alan C. Swann,
    World Psychiatry.2022; 21(3): 364.     CrossRef
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Research Article
Association between employment status and sickness presenteeism among Korean employees: a cross-sectional study
Jeong Woo Park, Seong Sik Cho, JongWoo Lee, Jonghyun Hwang, Jung Il Kim, Byoung Gwon Kim, Young Seoub Hong
Ann Occup Environ Med 2020;32:e17.   Published online June 12, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e17
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Sickness presenteeism (SP) indicates “going to work while being ill.” The importance of SP has only recently been investigated, and the association between SP and employment status has been inconsistent across studies. Therefore, we conducted this study to explore the association between SP and employment status by using presenteeism propensity (PP), which can reflect the individual decision-making process.

Methods

The study population included employees participating in the 5th Korean Working Condition Survey. We analyzed data of only employees with at least one health event, which was calculated as the sum of SP and sickness absenteeism days. Employment status was grouped into 3 categories: stable employment, unstable employment (contract period ≥ 1 year), and unstable employment (contract period < 1 year). Survey-weighted logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between employment status and PP (dichotomized as “≤ 0.5” and “> 0.5”).

Results

Unstable employees (contract period ≥ 1 year) had higher odds of PP than stable employees (odds ratio [OR]: 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.47), whereas unstable employees (contract period < 1 year) had lower odds of PP than stable employees (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71–0.96).

Conclusions

Employment status was associated with SP. Given the negative health impact of SP, social efforts, such as paid sick leave, are required to reduce SP and enhance the health status of unstable workers.


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    Sang-Hyeon Kim, Eun-Chul Jang, Soon-Chan Kwon, In-ho Lee, Jisuk Yun, Ui Chan Jung, Young-Sun Min
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2026; 38: e1.     CrossRef
  • Presenteeism propensity as a measure of health-related workplace attendance decisions: a validation study using vignette and survey data
    Joachim Gerich, Sophie-Charlotte Meyer
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    Belgin Oral, Yavuzalp Solak, Hasan Durmuş
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    Atsushi Takayama, Takashi Yoshioka, Tomohiro Ishimaru, Satomi Yoshida, Koji Kawakami, Takahiro Tabuchi
    Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2023; 65(7): 553.     CrossRef
  • A Cross-Sectional Study of Psychosocial Factors and Sickness Presenteeism in Japanese Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
    Masashi Masuda, Tomohiro Ishimaru, Ayako Hino, Hajime Ando, Seiichiro Tateishi, Tomohisa Nagata, Mayumi Tsuji, Shinya Matsuda, Yoshihisa Fujino
    Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2022; 64(1): e1.     CrossRef
  • Associations between job and workplace factors, health and physical factors, personal factors, and presenteeism among general employees in Japan: A longitudinal study
    Eiko Goto, Hirono Ishikawa, Tsuyoshi Okuhara, Hiroko Okada, Aiko Tsunezumi, Yumi Kagawa, Yoshihisa Fujino, Takahiro Kiuchi
    Journal of Occupational Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Emotional Labor on Presenteeism of Chinese Nurses in Tertiary-Level Hospitals: The Mediating Role of Job Burnout
    Jia Song, Fang Liu, Xiaowei Li, Zhan Qu, Rongqiang Zhang, Jie Yao
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Research Article
The effect of earplug training on noise protection
Jung Won Kim, Seonhee Yang, Insung Chung, Mi-Young Lee
Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:e34.   Published online November 12, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2019.31.e34
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Noise-induced hearing loss is an occupational disease, and workplace noise exposure is a major hazard in Korea. Although hearing protectors effectively reduce a worker's exposure to noise, their success is compromised by the wearer's inability to fit the protectors correctly, and there are no proper training methods for using hearing protectors in small-scale industries. This study aims to evaluate the effect of earplug training on hearing protection using field microphone-in-real-ear (F-MIRE) and prevent noise-induced hearing loss.

Methods

The study population comprised 172 noise-exposed manufacturing workers who visited occupational health facilities in Daegu, South Korea, between July 2014 and September 2017. Personal attenuation ratings (PARs) were calculated with F-MIRE. Paired t-tests were used to compare the differences in PAR (dB) before and after training, and generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to compare the differences in PAR according to the number of trainings.

Results

Mean PARs increased after the first and second training, and the differences were statistically significant. Among the 30 participants who received all 4 trainings, PARs were significantly higher after each training than before the training. As the number of training increased, the differences in PARs significantly increased. When comparing pretraining PARs for each training session, we found statistically significant differences between the first and second training and between the second and third training, but not between the third and fourth training.

Conclusion

In this study, the short- and long-term effects of earplug training were statistically significant. In particular, the PAR before and after the fourth training showed the greatest increase, and the PARs continued to increase during each training.


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    Jeremy Federman, Stephanie J. Karch, Iram Qureshi, Christon Duhon
    International Journal of Audiology.2026; 65(6): 740.     CrossRef
  • Enhancing and sustaining noise attenuation from hearing protection devices: A mixed methods review of fit testing and instruction approaches
    Wei Gong, Thais C. Morata, Alessandra G. Samelli
    Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2026; 23(5): 319.     CrossRef
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    Nomfundo Moroe, Asibonge Shandu
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2026; 23(3): 306.     CrossRef
  • The protective effect of wearing hearing protection devices in noise-induced hearing loss and its potential influencing factors in the Chinese adult population
    Linyan Shu, Zhixing Fan, Jia Tang, Guoyong Xu, Jianyu Guo, Taihua Long, Junle Wu, Minghui Xiao, Shijie Hu, Bin Xiao
    Science of The Total Environment.2025; 964: 178507.     CrossRef
  • Enhancing Hearing Protection: Evaluating Innovative Training Modalities for Optimal Fitting Outcomes
    Alessandra Giannella Samelli, Camila Maia Rabelo, Daiane Alves Martins, Indra Akina Shinya, Vitor Martins Guesser, Clayton Henrique Rocha
    La Medicina del Lavoro.2025; 116(3): 16606.     CrossRef
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    Daniel Veira-Canle, Maria A. Koponen, Ilkka Rissanen, Maxime Fauconnier, Dubravko Kicic, Tapio Lokki, Risto J. Ilmoniemi, Victor H. Souza, Heikki J. Nieminen
    The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.2025; 158(6): 4963.     CrossRef
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    Thais C Morata, Wei Gong, Christina Tikka, Alessandra G Samelli, Jos H Verbeek
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Devon Kulinski, Sara Murphy, Jolene Mancini, Douglas S. Brungart
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    Wei Gong, Liangliang Zhao, Ling Li, Thais C. Morata, Wei Qiu, Huiling Amy Feng, Baoli Zhu
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(13): 7190.     CrossRef
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Research Article
A study of relationship between blood mercury concentration and hypertension in residents living in old mine fields and related factors
Jeong Woo Kim, Byoung Gwon Kim, Jeong Woo Park, Jong Woo Yi, Jung Il Kim, Young Seoub Hong
Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:e6.   Published online May 30, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2019.31.e6
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

In Korea, around the abandoned metal mines, heavy metals are being accumulating in the cultivated areas. Among exposed heavy metals, mercury is known to harm for cardiovascular system known to affect blood pressure. So, we studied the relationship between blood mercury level and hypertension in residents around abandoned metal mines.

Methods

From 2008 to 2011, we surveyed 7,055 residents in provinces affected by abandoned metal mines and collected data from 6 Hospitals. We conducted a personal questionnaire interview survey with residents on the basis of household questionnaires, sex, age, household income, smoking, and drinking items. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between blood mercury level and hypertension.

Results

We compared residents with low and high groups based on blood mercury level 5.8 μg/L, and higher group was significantly higher risk of hypertension than lower group (odds ratio [OR]: 1.277; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.135–1.436), also in adjusted model, higher group was significantly higher risk of hypertension than lower group (OR: 1.276; 95% CI: 1.117–1.457).

Conclusions

This study showed a significant correlation between mercury and hypertension in residents around abandoned metal mines. Therefore, we should continuously monitor people who are higher than the standard value and the hypertensive patients.


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    Archives of Toxicology.2025; 99(2): 481.     CrossRef
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    Nayra Carla de Melo, Priscilla Cristovam Sampaio e Souza, Rejane Correa Marques, José Vicente Elias Bernardi, Wanderley Rodrigues Bastos, Mônica Pereira Lima Cunha
    Environmental Research.2024; 257: 119391.     CrossRef
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    Zhaoyuan Li, Shouxin Peng, Meijin Chen, Jinhui Sun, Feifei Liu, Huaiji Wang, Hao Xiang
    Environmental Research.2023; 217: 114739.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the Relationship between the Exposure Level to Mixed Hazardous Heavy Metals and Health Effects Using Factor Analysis
    Eunseop Kim, Sun-In Moon, Dong-Hyuk Yim, Byung-Sun Choi, Jung-Duck Park, Sang-Yong Eom, Yong-Dae Kim, Heon Kim
    Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2022; 48(4): 236.     CrossRef
  • Blood cadmium, lead, manganese, mercury, and selenium levels in American Indian populations: The Strong Heart Study
    Zheng Li, Michael Lewin, Patricia Ruiz, Anne E. Nigra, Noelle B. Henderson, Jeffery M. Jarrett, Cynthia Ward, Jianhui Zhu, Jason G. Umans, Marcia O'Leary, Ying Zhang, Angela Ragin-Wilson, Ana Navas-Acien
    Environmental Research.2022; 215: 114101.     CrossRef
  • Co-exposure to Heavy Metals and Hypertension Among Adults in South Korea
    Kisok Kim, Hyejin Park
    Exposure and Health.2022; 14(1): 139.     CrossRef
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    Can-Can Zhou, Hui Fu, Guo-Yan Zhang, Jia-Wei Ma, Min Ni, Dong-Jie Li, Fu-Ming Shen, Fang Huang
    Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety.2021; 208: 111642.     CrossRef
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    Francesca Gorini, Elisa Bustaffa, Kyriazoula Chatzianagnostou, Fabrizio Bianchi, Cristina Vassalle
    Science of The Total Environment.2020; 743: 140818.     CrossRef
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Case Report
A case of extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon rupture in an automotive assembly line worker: an ergonomic evaluation through job strain index (JSI) and musculoskeletal risk factor survey
Sunwook Park, Jungwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:e2.   Published online May 1, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2019.31.e2
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

We report a case of extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon rupture caused by repetitive motions and awkward posture on hand and wrist joints.

Case presentation

A 47-year-old right-handed man who worked for 15 years in an assembly line at an automotive manufacturing company has been diagnosed with a complete tear of right EPL tendon. We investigated the patient's occupational history in detail and evaluated the tasks ergonomically through musculoskeletal risk factors survey and job strain index (JSI) using the 22 task-related videos recorded by the patient. Three out of the 12 tasks (25%) were identified as high-risk work on the hand and wrist in the musculoskeletal risk factors survey in 2016. Among the 22 tasks analyzed by JSI, 11 tasks (50%) were evaluated as probably hazardous. In addition, he used localized vibration tools in 19 (86.4%) out of 22 tasks.

Conclusion

We concluded the patient's disease was probably caused by repetitive motion and improper posture of the hand and wrist, and the hand-arm vibration is a possible cause as well.


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  • Erhebung der arbeitsplatzbezogenen subjektiven Belastungs- und Beanspruchungssituation von Akkord- und Fließbandarbeitern im Versandhandel
    Julia Rother, Sabine Darius, Irina Böckelmann
    Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie.2025; 75(2): 49.     CrossRef
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    Yangwoo Kim, Inah Kim, Jung-Min Sung, Jaechul Song
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Newly Developed Easy‐Open Assistive Devices for Pneumatic Tube System Carriers for the Reduction of Work‐Related Musculoskeletal Disorders
    Tzu-I Chien, Huey-Wen Liang, Ya-Fen Lee, Fei-Yun Liu, Chi-Kwang Hsu, Shao-Tseng Liu, Mo Siu-Mei Lee, Pin-Fei Wei, Silvia Todros
    BioMed Research International.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 13 Download
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Case Report
Ovarian cancer in a former asbestos textile factory worker: a case report
Sunwook Park, Jaechan Park, Eunsoo Lee, Huisu Eom, Mu Young Shin, Jungwon Kim, Dongmug Kang, Sanggil Lee
Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:65.   Published online November 16, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0277-1
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) defined that asbestos is a group 1 substance that causes lung cancer, mesothelioma (pleura and peritoneum), laryngeal cancer, and ovarian cancer in humans. Many studies on lung cancer, and mesothelioma caused by asbestos exposure have been conducted, but there was no case report of ovarian cancer due to asbestos exposure in Korea. We describe a case of ovarian cancer caused by asbestos exposure in a worker who worked at an asbestos textile factory for 3 years and 7 months in the late 1970s.

Case presentation

A 57-year-old woman visited the hospital because she had difficulty urinating. Ovarian cancer was suspected in radiologic examination, and exploratory laparotomy was performed. She was diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer. The patient did not undergo postoperative chemotherapy and recovered. She joined the asbestos factory in March 1976 and engaged in asbestos textile twisting and spinning for 1 year, 2 years and 7 months respectively. In addition, she lived near the asbestos factory for more than 20 years. There was no other specificity or family history.

Conclusion

Considering the patient’s occupational and environmental history, it is estimated that she had been exposed to asbestos significantly, so we determined that ovarian cancer in the patient is highly correlated with the occupational exposure of asbestos and environmental exposure is a possible cause as well. Social devices are needed to prevent further exposure to asbestos. It is also necessary to recognize that ovarian cancer can occur in workers who have previously been exposed to asbestos, and the education and social compensation for those workers are needed.


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  • Asbestos-Related Diseases and Its Impact on Health: An Updated Review Article
    Wasey Ali Yadullahi Mir, Ayusha Poudel, Anurag Adhikari, Dhan Bahadur Shrestha, Yubraj Sedhai, Peter LaCamera, Andrew Moraco
    Current Pulmonology Reports.2023; 12(4): 244.     CrossRef
  • Primary Ovarian Mesothelioma: A Case Series with Electron Microscopy Examination and Review of the Literature
    Luigi Vimercati, Domenica Cavone, Maria Celeste Delfino, Biagio Bruni, Luigi De Maria, Antonio Caputi, Stefania Sponselli, Roberta Rossi, Leonardo Resta, Francesco Fortarezza, Federica Pezzuto, Gabriella Serio
    Cancers.2021; 13(9): 2278.     CrossRef
  • Parkinson's disease in a worker exposed to insecticides at a greenhouse
    Yangwoo Kim, Inah Kim, Jung-Min Sung, Jaechul Song
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 14 Download
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Research Article
A cross-sectional study on the pulmonary function of residents in two urban areas with different PM10 concentrations: data from the fourth Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES) 2007–2009
Si Woo Park, Byoung Gwon Kim, Jung Woo Kim, Jung Woo Park, Jung Il Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:47.   Published online July 16, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0258-4
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

The present study aims to compare the pulmonary function of residents of Seoul special city (Seoul) and Jeju special self-governing province including Jeju city and Seogwipo city (Jeju), characterized by vastly different annual average airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less ≤10 μm (PM10) concentrations, with the annual average PM10 concentration in Seoul being significantly higher than that in Jeju.

Methods

This cross-sectional study analyzed the pulmonary function test results and sociodemographic data of Korean adults ≥19 years of age derived from the 4th KNHANES, 2007–2009. A total of 830 individuals residing in Seoul or Jeju were included in this study. T-tests were used to analyze predicted values of forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1p), predicted values of forced vital capacity (FVCp) and FEV1/FVC ratio (FEV1/FVC), as dependent variables, to examine the differences in the subjects’ pulmonary function according to the city of residence. Stratified analysis was then performed to adjust for variables potentially affecting pulmonary function. The analysis was performed on subjects as a group and also following stratification according to sex and other variables.

Results

Seoul residents had a significantly lower FVCp than that of the Jeju residents (difference: 3.48%, p = 0.002). FEV1p, FVCp and FEV1/FVC of male Seoul residents were significantly lower than those of male Jeju residents (difference: 6.99, 5.11% and 0.03, respectively; p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.001). In male subjects, statistically significant results were obtained even after adjusting the influence of other variables through stratified analysis.

Conclusion

The present analysis was based on cross-sectional data collected at one point in time. Therefore, unlike longitudinal studies, it does not establish a clear causal association between the variables. Nevertheless, this study found that pulmonary function among subjects residing in Seoul was significantly decreased compared to that of subjects residing in Jeju.


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    Emanuela Foglia, Lucrezia Ferrario, Elisabetta Garagiola
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    Jung-eun Park
    International Journal of Clinical Preventive Dentistry.2025; 21(3): 65.     CrossRef
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    Healthcare.2024; 12(7): 740.     CrossRef
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    Soo-Jin Kang, Jung-Eun Park, Jong-Hwa Jang
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    Su-Yeon Hwang, Jong-Hwa Jang, Jung-Eun Park
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(7): 3871.     CrossRef
  • Effects of exposure to ambient air pollution on pulmonary function impairment in Korea: the 2007-2017 Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey
    Soo Beom Choi, Sungha Yun, Sun-Ja Kim, Yong Bum Park, Kyungwon Oh
    Epidemiology and Health.2021; 43: e2021082.     CrossRef
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    Samantha Iyaloo, Tahira Kootbodien, Nisha Naicker, Spo Kgalamono, Kerry S. Wilson, David Rees
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Research Article
Spatial analysis between particulate matter and emergency room visits for conjunctivitis and keratitis
Jung-Youb Lee, Jung-Won Kim, Eun-Jung Kim, Mi-Young Lee, Chang-Wook Nam, In-Sung Chung
Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:41.   Published online June 11, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0252-x
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Background

The concentration of particulate matter in the air varies depending on the region because it is lightweight and generated from a variety of sources. To assess the relationship between particulate matter and eye disease, this study analyzes the concentration data obtained from spatial analysis of particulate matter and emergency visit data.

Methods

The study included 769 residents of Daegu, Korea who had visited an emergency room for the problem of conjunctivitis or keratitis. Concentrations of PM10 and other air pollutants were obtained from the Korean Ministry of the Environment. PM10 concentrations and the number of patients from each of 143 administrative dongs (sub-municipal level administrative units) of the city of Daegu were obtained using spatial analysis. The patient distribution and PM10 concentration were mapped for comparison, and their relationship was examined using scatter plot, regression analysis, and the independent sample t-test.

Results

The number of patients with conjunctivitis and keratitis was significantly higher in the regions of the top 20% areas than the bottom 20% areas in terms of PM10 concentration. The distribution of PM10 concentration and number of patients was visually similar on the map. The concentration of PM10 and the number of patients showed a dose–response relationship. When the concentrations of other air polluta9nts were controlled for, the numbers of conjunctivitis and keratitis patients were 0.04 per 1000 ER patients and 0.10 per 1000 ER patients, respectively.

Conclusion

As PM10 is associated with the prevalence of conjunctivitis and keratitis, measures to reduce particulate matter through environmental methods are needed.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (10.1186/s40557-018-0252-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.


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Case Report
An aggravated return-to-work case of organic solvent induced chronic toxic encephalopathy
Sangyun Seo, Jungwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:27.   Published online April 27, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0232-1
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Organic solvent-induced chronic toxic encephalopathy (CTE) is known as a non-progressive disorder that does not progress after diagnosis. The authors present a case those symptoms worsened after continued exposure to organic solvent after returning to work. Because such a case has not been reported in South Korea to the best of our knowledge, we intend to report this case along with literature review.

Case presentation

A 59-year-old man, who performed painting job at a large shipyard for 20 years, was receiving hospital treatment mainly for depression. During the inpatient treatment, severe cognitive impairment was identified, and he visited the occupational and environmental medicine outpatient clinic for assessing work relatedness. In 1984, at the age of 27, he began performing touch-up and spray painting as a shipyard painter. Before that he had not been exposure to any neurotoxic substances. In 2001, at the age of 44, after 15 years of exposure to mixed solvents including toluene, xylene and others, he was diagnosed with CTE International Solvent Workshop (ISW) type 2A. After 7 years of sick leave, he returned to work in 2006. And he repeated return-to-work and sick leave in the same job due to worsening of depressive symptoms. He had worked four times (2006–2010, 2011–2011, 2011–2011, 2016–2017) for a total of 5 years as a shipyard painter after first compensation. During the return-to-work period, the mean values of the mixed solvent index ranged from 0.57 to 2.15, and except for a one semiannual period, all mean values were above the standard value of 1. We excluded other diseases that can cause cognitive impairment like central nervous system diseases, brain injury, psychological diseases and metabolic diseases with physical examinations, laboratory tests, and brain image analysis. And finally, throughout neuropsychological tests, an overall deterioration in cognitive function was identified compared to 2002, and the deterioration types was similar to that often shown in the case of CTE; thus a diagnosis of CTE (ISW) type 3 was made.

Conclusion

This case is showing that CTE can go on with continued exposure to mixed solvents. Appropriate “fitness to work” should be taken to prevent disease deterioration especially for the sick leave workers.


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  • OPTIMIZATION ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED EXTRACTION USING CHOLINE CHLORIDE-BASED NATURAL DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENT TO INCREASE PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANTS FROM RHODOMYRTUS TOMENTOSA LEAVES
    NINA D. OKTAVIYANTI, RYANTO BUDIONO, ENDANG W. FITRIANI, CHRISTINA AVANTI
    International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics.2024; : 83.     CrossRef
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    Yinjiao Wang, Peng Du
    Biomedical Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Application and optimization of ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent for the extraction of new skin-lightening cosmetic materials from Ixora javanica flower
    Nina Dewi Oktaviyanti, Kartini, Abdul Mun'im
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Review
Review of carcinogenicity of hexavalent chrome and proposal of revising approval standards for an occupational cancers in Korea
Jungwon Kim, Sangyun Seo, Yangho Kim, Dae Hwan Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:7.   Published online January 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0215-2
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

The objective of this study is to suggest revised recognition standards for occupational disease due to chromium (VI) by reflecting recent domestic and international research works and considering domestic exposure status with respect to target organs, exposure period, and cumulative exposure dose in relation to the chromium (VI)-induced occupational disease compensation.

Methods

In this study, the reports published by major international institutions such as World Health Organization (WHO) International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (2012), Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) (2006), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) (2013), American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) (2004), National Toxicology Program (NTP) (2014), and Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ASTDR) (2012) were reviewed and the recent research works searched by PubMed were summarized.

Results

Considering the recent research works and the domestic situation, only lung cancer is conserved in the legislative bill in relation to chromium (VI), and the exposure period is not included in the bill. Nasal and paranasal sinus cancer was excluded from the list of cancers that are compensated as the chromium (VI)- induced occupational disease, while lung cancer remains in the list. In the view of legislative unity, considering the fact that only the cancers having sufficient evidence are included in the conventional list of cancers compensated as occupational disease, nasal and paranasal sinus cancer having limited evidence were excluded from the list.

The exposure period was also removed from the legislative bill due to the insufficient evidence. Recent advices in connection with cumulative exposure dose were proposed, and other considerable points were provided with respect to individual occupational relevance.

Conclusions

It is suggested that the current recognition standard which is “Lung cancer or nasal and paranasal sinus cancer caused by exposure to chromium (VI) or compounds thereof (exposure for two years or longer), or nickel compounds” should be changed to “Lung cancer caused by exposure to chromium (VI) or compounds thereof, and lung cancer or nasal and paranasal sinus cancer caused by exposure to nickel compounds”.


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Research Article
Association between supervisors’ behavior and wage workers’ job stress in Korea: analysis of the fourth Korean working conditions survey
Shin Uk Kang, Byeong Jin Ye, ByoungGwon Kim, Jung Il Kim, Jung Woo Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:43.   Published online October 11, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0199-3
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

In modern society, many workers are stressed. Supervisors’ support or behavior can affect the emotional or psychological part of the worker. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of supervisor’s behavior on worker’s stress.

Methods

The study included 19,272 subjects following the assignment of weighted values to workers other than soldiers using data from the Fourth Korean Working Condition Survey. Supervisors’ behavior was measured using 5 items: “supervisor feedback regarding work,” “respectful attitude,” “good conflict-resolution ability,” “good work-related planning and organizational ability,” and the encouragement of participation in important decision making. Job stress was measured using 1 item: “I experience stress at work.” Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the effects of supervisors’ behavioral, general, occupational, and psychosocial characteristics on job stress in workers. Organizational characteristics associated with supervisors’ behavior were also analyzed.

Results

The results showed that supervisors’ provision of feedback regarding work increased workers’ job stress (OR = 1.329, 95% CI = 1.203 ~ 1.468). When a supervisor respect workers (OR = 0.812, 95% CI = 0.722 ~ 0.913) or good at planning and organizing works (OR = 0.816, 95% CI: 0.732 ~ 0.910), workers’ job stress decreased. In particular, the two types of supervisor behaviors, other than feedback regarding work, were high in private-sector organizations employing less than 300 employees.

Conclusion

Supervisors’ behavior influenced job stress levels in workers. Therefore, it is necessary to increase education regarding the effects of supervisors’ behavior on job stress, which should initially be provided in private-sector organizations with up to 300 employees.


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  • Need for Recovery and Work–Family Conflict in the Armed Forces: A Latent Profile Analysis of Job Demands and Resources
    Francesco Pace, Cristina Moavero, Giuditta Cusimano, Giulia Sciotto
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2025; 22(5): 795.     CrossRef
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    Jian Lee, Jongmin Lee, Juyeon Oh, Hyejin Kim, Subin Kim, Heejoo Park, Juho Sim, Byungyoon Yun, Jin-Ha Yoon
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Wasantha Rajapakshe, T.G.S.D. Chandrasiri
    Work Organisation, Labour & Globalisation.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Jae Hong Joo, Doo Woong Lee, Dong-Woo Choi, Eun-Cheol Park
    Lipids in Health and Disease.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Research Article
Urinary arsenic species concentration in residents living near abandoned metal mines in South Korea
Jin-Yong Chung, Byoung-Gwon Kim, Byung-Kook Lee, Jai-Dong Moon, Joon Sakong, Man Joong Jeon, Jung-Duck Park, Byung-Sun Choi, Nam-Soo Kim, Seung-Do Yu, Jung-Wook Seo, Byeong-Jin Ye, Hyoun-Ju Lim, Young-Seoub Hong
Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:67.   Published online November 22, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0150-z
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Arsenic is a carcinogenic heavy metal that has a species-dependent health effects and abandoned metal mines are a source of significant arsenic exposure. Therefore, the aims of this study were to analyze urinary arsenic species and their concentration in residents living near abandoned metal mines and to monitor the environmental health effects of abandoned metal mines in Korea.

Methods

This study was performed in 2014 to assess urinary arsenic excretion patterns of residents living near abandoned metal mines in South Korea. Demographic data such as gender, age, mine working history, period of residency, dietary patterns, smoking and alcohol use, and type of potable water consumed were obtaining using a questionnaire. Informed consent was also obtained from all study subjects (n = 119). Urinary arsenic species were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS).

Results

The geometric mean of urinary arsenic (sum of dimethylarsinic acid, monomethylarsonic acid, As3+, and As5+) concentration was determined to be 131.98 μg/L (geometric mean; 95% CI, 116.72–149.23) while urinary inorganic arsenic (As3+ and As5+) concentration was 0.81 μg/L (95% CI, 0.53–1.23). 66.3% (n = 79) and 21.8% (n = 26) of these samples exceeded ATSDR reference values for urinary arsenic (>100 μg/L) and inorganic arsenic (>10 μg/L), respectively. Mean urinary arsenic concentrations (geometric mean, GM) were higher in women then in men, and increased with age. Of the five regions evaluated, while four regions had inorganic arsenic concentrations less than 0.40 μg/L, one region showed a significantly higher concentration (GM 15.48 μg/L; 95% CI, 7.51–31.91) which investigates further studies to identify etiological factors.

Conclusion

We propose that the observed elevation in urinary arsenic concentration in residents living near abandoned metal mines may be due to environmental contamination from the abandoned metal mine.

Trial registration

Not Applicable (We do not have health care intervention on human participants).


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  • Assessing Acute and Chronic Risks of Human Exposure to Arsenic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Ethiopia Employing Body Biomarkers
    Solomon Demissie, Seblework Mekonen, Tadesse Awoke, Bezatu Mengistie
    Environmental Health Insights.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Changes in arsenic accumulation and metabolic capacity after environmental management measures in mining area
    Chen Zhao, Meng Du, Jun Yang, Guanghui Guo, Lingqing Wang, Yunxian Yan, Xuewen Li, Mei Lei, Tongbin Chen
    Science of The Total Environment.2023; 855: 158652.     CrossRef
  • Concentrations of blood and urinary arsenic species and their characteristics in general Korean population
    Jeong Weon Choi, Yoon Chae Song, Nam-Yong Cheong, Kiyoung Lee, Sunmi Kim, Kyoung-Mu Lee, Kyunghee Ji, Mi-Yeon Shin, Sungkyoon Kim
    Environmental Research.2022; 214: 113846.     CrossRef
  • MTHFR, As3MT and GSTO1 Polymorphisms Influencing Arsenic Metabolism in Residents Near Abandoned Metal Mines in South Korea
    Ulziikhishig Surenbaatar, Byoung-Gwon Kim, Hyun-Jin Son, Seong-Sik Cho, Gwon-Min Kim, Hyoun-Ju Lim, Jung-Yeon Kwon, Ki-Hwan Kim, Young-Seoub Hong
    Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2021; 47(6): 530.     CrossRef
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  • 12 Download
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Research Article
A study on the relationship between job stress and nicotine dependence in Korean workers
Seung Rak Son, Byeong Moo Choe, Seong Hwan Kim, Young Seoub Hong, Byoung Gwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:27.   Published online June 10, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0113-4
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Nicotine dependence and its severity are often determined by individuals’ psychosocial factors.This study purposed to analyze how Korean workers’ job stress is related with their nicotine dependence according to demographic and occupational characteristics in order to reduce smoking related to job stress and to establish objective indicators to be used in developing adequate smoking cessation strategies.

Methods

The subjects of this study were 4,639 workers who replied to the questionnaire survey. In addition, 1,948 current smokers were separated from non-smokers and ex-smokers, and the relationship between job stress and nicotine dependence was analyzed with the current smoker group. Nicotine dependence was tested using Fagerström’s Test of Nicotine Dependence, and stress was measured using a questionnaire on subjective stress felt by workers in their daily life and the short form of the Korean Occupational Stress Scale.

Results

The smoking rate was 54.1 % among men and 2.5 % among women. Nicotine dependence was significantly different according to interpersonal conflict, organization system and lack of reward (p < 0.05). As multivariate logistic analysis, job control, occupational climate and total stress score were statistical significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Job stress was found to be related with smoking status and nicotine dependence. Based on this result, it is suggested to enhance workers’ welfare for health promotion in workplace by improving their working environment in order to reduce job stress and consequently to decrease the smoking rate.


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    Addiction.2023; 118(11): 2118.     CrossRef
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    Phuong Thu Phan, Giap Van Vu, Chau Quy Ngo, Quyen Le Thi Pham, Lan Phuong Thi Doan, Trang Huyen Thi Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Trang Ha Nguyen, Bach Xuan Tran, Carl A. Latkin, Cyrus S.H. Ho, Roger C.M. Ho
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    Dahyeon Lee, Kang-Sook Lee, Haena Kim, Yeonwoo Lee, Mi-Ji Lee, Hyunkyung Lee, Jun-Pyo Myong, Hyekyeong Kim, Jakyoung Lee
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(22): 15220.     CrossRef
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    S. Sushanthi, Srisakthi Doraikannan, Meignana Arumugham Indiran
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    Peiye Jiang, Jin Zhai, Lin Ye, Yangyang Liu
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    Jung-Hye Lim, Yeongmi Ha
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    Young Joon Yang, Young Hoon Moon, Sang Yoon Do, Chul Gab Lee, Han Soo Song
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    Kiana Sadeghi-Ardekani, Mahmonir Haghighi, Rasoul Zarrin
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Review
Evaluation of mercury exposure level, clinical diagnosis and treatment for mercury intoxication
Byeong-Jin Ye, Byoung-Gwon Kim, Man-Joong Jeon, Se-Yeong Kim, Hawn-Cheol Kim, Tae-Won Jang, Hong-Jae Chae, Won-Jun Choi, Mi-Na Ha, Young-Seoub Hong
Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:5.   Published online January 22, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-015-0086-8
AbstractAbstract PDF

Mercury occurs in various chemical forms, and it is different to health effects according to chemical forms. In consideration of the point, the evaluation of the mercury exposure to human distinguished from occupational and environmental exposure.

With strict to manage occupational exposure in factory, it is declined mercury intoxication cases by metallic and inorganic mercury inhalation to occupational exposure. It is increasing to importance in environmental exposure and public health.

The focus on the health impact of exposure to mercury is more on chronic, low or moderate grade exposure—albeit a topic of great controversy—, not high concentration exposure by methylmercury, which caused Minamata disease.

Recently, the issue of mercury toxicity according to the mercury exposure level, health effects as well as the determination of what mercury levels affect health are in the spotlight and under active discussion. Evaluating the health effects and Biomarker of mercury exposure and establishing diagnosis and treatment standards are very difficult.

It can implement that evaluating mercury exposure level for diagnosis by a provocation test uses chelating agent and conducting to appropriate therapy according to the result. but, indications for the therapy of chelating agents with mercury exposure have not yet been fully established.

The therapy to symptomatic patients with mercury poisoning is chelating agents, combination therapy with chelating agents, plasma exchange, hemodialysis, plasmapheresis. But the further evaluations are necessary for the effects and side effects with each therapy.


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Review
Evaluation and management of lead exposure
Hwan-Cheol Kim, Tae-Won Jang, Hong-Jae Chae, Won-Jun Choi, Mi-Na Ha, Byeong-Jin Ye, Byoung-Gwon Kim, Man-Joong Jeon, Se-Yeong Kim, Young-Seoub Hong
Ann Occup Environ Med 2015;27:30.   Published online December 15, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-015-0085-9
AbstractAbstract PDF

Lead, which is widely used in industry, is a common element found in low concentrations in the Earth’s crust. Implementations to reduce environmental lead concentrations have resulted in a considerable reduction of lead levels in the environment (air) and a sustained reduction in the blood lead levels of the average citizen. However, people are still being exposed to lead through a variety of routes in everyday commodities.

Lead causes health problems such as toxicity of the liver, kidneys, hematopoietic system, and nervous system. Having a carcinogenic risk as well, the IARC classifies inorganic lead compounds as probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). Occupational lead poisonings have decreased due to the efforts to reduce the lead concentrations in the working environment. In contrast, health hazards associated with long-term environmental exposure to low concentrations of lead have been reported steadily. In particular, chronic exposure to low concentrations of lead has been reported to induce cognitive behavioral disturbances in children.

It is almost impossible to remove lead completely from the human body, and it is not easy to treat health hazards due to lead exposure. Therefore, reduction and prevention of lead exposure are very important. We reviewed the toxicity and health hazards, monitoring and evaluation, and management of lead exposure.


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Case Report
A case of fitness to work in a worker with COPD using the exercise stress test
Yewon Kim, Kyungyong Jung, Ji Young Ryu, Dae Hwan Kim, Sangyoon Lee
Ann Occup Environ Med 2015;27:26.   Published online December 11, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-015-0074-z
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Therefore, both work ability and workday length may be affected in individuals with this disease. We studied a worker with suspected COPD and assessed fitness to work using post-bronchodilator spirometry, symptom assessment scales, and the exercise stress test.

Case report

The patient was a 58-year-old man due to work as a field supervisor in the ship construction sector. He had a 40 pack-year smoking history and experienced occasional dyspnea when climbing stairs. He visited this hospital to receive cardiopulmonary function tests and to determine his ability to work. Post-bronchodilator spirometry revealed severe irreversible airway obstruction corresponding to a modified Medical Research Council grade of 2 on the dyspnea scale. His COPD Assessment Test score was 12, placing him in patient group D (high risk, more symptoms) based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease classification system. His maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) was determined to be 19.16 ml/kg/min, as measured by the exercise stress test, and his acceptable workload for 8 h of physical work was calculated to be 6.51 ml/kg/min. His work tasks required an oxygen demand of 6.89 ml/kg/min, which exceeded the acceptable workload calculated. Accordingly, he was advised to adjust the work tasks that were deemed inappropriate for his exercise capacity.

Conclusion

As COPD incidence is expected to rise, early COPD diagnosis and determination of fitness to work is becoming increasingly important. Performing the exercise stress test, to evaluate the functional capacity of workers with COPD, is considered an acceptable solution.


Citations

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  • De beoordeling van COPD in de verzekeringsgeneeskunde in België
    M. DAENEN, M. DU BOIS
    Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde en Gezondheidszorg.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Research Article
Residency programs and the outlook for occupational and environmental medicine in Korea
Youngil Lee, Jungwon Kim, Yoomi Chae
Ann Occup Environ Med 2015;27:23.   Published online September 25, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-015-0072-1
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

This study investigated the implementation of training courses and the overall outlook for occupational and environmental medicine (OEM) in Korea. We described the problems facing OEM residency programs in Korea, and reviewed studies dealing with the specialty of occupational health in developed countries in order to suggest directions of improvement for the OEM training courses.

Methods

We surveyed 125 OEM residents using a questionnaire in August 2012. A total of 23 questions about the training environment, residency programs, preferred institutions for post-licensure employment, and the outlook for OEM specialists were included in the questionnaire and analyzed according to the type of training institution and residency year. Responses from 88 residents (70.4 %) were analyzed.

Results

The major responsibilities of OEM residents were found to vary depending on whether they were trained in research institutes or in hospitals. OEM residents had a lower level of satisfaction with the following training programs: toxicology practice (measurements of biological markers, metabolites, and working environments), and OEM practice (environmental diseases and clinical training involving surgery). When asked about their eventual place of employment, OEM residents preferred institutions providing special health examinations or health management services. OEM residents reported a positive outlook for OEM over the next 5 years, but a negative outlook for the next 10 years.

Conclusions

Although a standardized training curriculum for OEM residents exists, this study found differences in the actual training courses depending on the training institution. We plan to standardize OEM training by holding a regional conference and introducing open training methods, such as an open hospital system. Use of Korean-language OEM textbook may also reduce differences in the educational programs of each training institution. Toxicology practice, environmental diseases, and clinical training in surgery are areas that particularly need improvement in OEM residency training programs.


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  • Disparities in abnormal-finding rates among special health examination facilities and the influence of judgment criteria
    Koji Mori, Osamu Une, Yuki Kumakawa, Kenya Yamamoto, Masayuki Tatemichi
    Journal of Occupational Health.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with of occupational disease recognition and reporting among medical residents: the role of self-efficacy and training
    Melih Gaffar Gözükara, Servet Birgin İritaş, Mustafa Necmi İlhan
    Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine.2026; 9(3): 638.     CrossRef
  • Current Challenges and Perceived Future Priorities in Occupational Medicine: Perspectives From Occupational Health Professionals
    Khosro Sadeghniiat‐Haghighi, Nazanin Izadi, Nazila Heidari, Amirhossein Heidari, Fateme Seifollahzade
    Health Science Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Research Article
Risk factors of musculoskeletal symptoms in university hospital nurses
Eunkwang Ryu, Byeongjin Ye, Youngil Yi, Jungwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2014;26:47.   Published online November 4, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-014-0047-7
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate musculoskeletal symptom prevalence in university hospital nurses and explore the relation between musculoskeletal symptom prevalence and work related factors.

Methods

A structured questionnaire was conducted with 620 nurses in a university hospital to look into the characters of responsibility and musculoskeletal symptom prevalence. The questionnaire respondents numbered 534, so the response rate was 86.1%. Among the respondents, three who gave insincere answers were excluded. The final study population was 531 respondents. ANSI Z-365 checklist was applied to look into ergonomic characteristics, and Korean Occupational Stress Scale Short Form was employed to measure job stress.

Results

In the case of the whole body, symptom prevalence amounted to 70.8%. Regarding each body region, shoulder symptom prevalence accounted for the highest, or 44.8%, waist 40.7%, and neck 33.3% in order. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, in the case of the whole body, the group with a high ANSI checklist grade had odds ratio of 3.59 (95% CI 1.48 ~ 8.76), and the group with high job stress had 3.19 (95% CI 2.01 ~ 5.07).

Conclusion

Regarding the occupational factors related to musculoskeletal symptoms of university hospital nurses, it was found that ANSI Z-365 checklist high risk group, total job tenure, department, shiftworks, and job stress had high relation with musculoskeletal symptoms. It is necessary to find an ergonomic solution and a stress reduction plan to prevent musculoskeletal disease.


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    Karolis Senvaitis, Aušra Adomavičienė, Kristina Daunoravičienė
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    Fatemeh Farrokhi, Abolfazl Ghahramani, Samira Orujlu, Mohammad Hajaghazadeh
    Health Science Monitor.2024; 3(3): 234.     CrossRef
  • Ergonomic Assessment of Key Biomechanical Factors in Patient Lifting: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study
    Karolis Senvaitis, Aušra Adomavičienė, Alina Tomaševič, Radvilė Kernagytė, Ada Petrauskaitė, Kristina Daunoravičienė
    Applied Sciences.2024; 14(17): 8076.     CrossRef
  • The prevalence of occupational-related low back pain among working populations in sub-saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Yibeltal Assefa Atalay, Natnael Atnafu Gebeyehu, Kelemu Abebe Gelaw
    Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms among nurses: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Bahrain
    Husain Nasaif, Maryam Alaradi, Ridha Hammam, Muna Bucheeri, Maroom Abdulla, Hameed Abdulla
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics.2023; 29(1): 192.     CrossRef
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    Jianwei Niu, Yueqi An, Mengwen Xu, Le Zhang, Jing Liu, Xiaolin Feng, Lei Li, Xin Song, Weifang Niu
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    INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Kefale Getie, Gebreslassie Kahsay, Alemu Kassaw, Gidey Gomera, Abayneh Alamer, Tesfay Hailu
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    Tesfaye Hambisa Mekonnen, Giziew Abere, Shalema Wedajo Olkeba
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    Maki Tojo, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Naoko Amano, Akemi Ito, Machiko Futono, Yasunori Sato, Takako Naka, Seiji Kimura, Aya Sadamasu, Ryuichiro Akagi, Seiji Ohtori
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Case Report
A Case of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Assessments of Fitness for Work
Sukwoo Hong, Yewon Kim, Ji-Young Ryu, Sangyoon Lee, Byung-Chul Son, Chae-Kwan Lee, Dae-Hwan Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2014;26:7.   Published online April 25, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2052-4374-26-7
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Obstructive sleep apnea is a common sleep disorder that can cause excessive daytime sleepiness and impairment of cognition. These symptoms may lead to the occurrence of occupational accidents in workers with obstructive sleep apnea.

Case presentation

A 36-year-old man who worked as a dimensional control surveyor caused a vehicle accident while he was driving at the work site. Although he experienced loss of consciousness at the time of the accident, he had no other symptoms. His brain computed tomography and laboratory test did not show any specific findings. Medical tests were conducted to evaluate his fitness for work. Decreased sleep latency was observed on the electroencephalography image, which is suggestive of a sleep disorder. He frequently experienced daytime sleepiness and his Epworth sleepiness score was 13. The polysomnography showed a markedly increased apnea-hypopnea index of 84.3, which led to a diagnosis of severe obstructive sleep apnea. The patient was advised to return to work only when his obstructive sleep apnea improved through proper treatment.

Conclusion

Proper screening for obstructive sleep apnea among workers is important for preventing workplace accidents caused by this disorder, but screening guidelines have not yet been established in Korea. An effort toward preparing practical guidelines for obstructive sleep apnea is needed.


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  • Effects of exercise training on brain metabolism and cognitive functioning in sleep apnea
    Linda M. Ueno-Pardi, Fabio L. Souza-Duran, Larissa Matheus, Amanda G. Rodrigues, Eline R. F. Barbosa, Paulo J. Cunha, Camila G. Carneiro, Naomi A. Costa, Carla R. Ono, Carlos A. Buchpiguel, Carlos E. Negrão, Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho, Geraldo Busatto-Filho
    Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Case Report
Four Cases of Abnormal Neuropsychological Findings in Children with High Blood Methylmercury Concentrations
Young-Seoub Hong, Dae-Seon Kim, Seung-Do Yu, Seong-Hwan Kim, Jong-Kuk Kim, Yu-Mi Kim, Jae-Ho Yu, Ji-Hyun Jung, Byoung-Gwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2013;25:18.   Published online September 24, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2052-4374-25-18
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Methylmercury (MeHg) easily crosses the blood–brain barrier and accumulates in the brain. Accumulated MeHg will cause neurological symptoms. We report four pediatric cases of neuropsychological findings with high blood MeHg concentrations.

Case presentation

Four children were admitted for follow-up study because their total mercury (THg) concentration in the blood was found to be high during a national survey. Case 1 was a 9-year-old female with a 16.6 μg/ℓ blood THg concentration in the survey. During admission, the blood THg, hair THg, and blood MeHg concentration(mercury indices) were 21.4 μg/ℓ, 7.2 μg/g, and 20.1 μg/ℓ, respectively. In our neuropsychological examination, cognitive impairment and attention deficit were observed. Her diet included fish intake 2–3 times per week, and she had been diagnosed with epilepsy at 3 years of age. Case 2 was a 12-year-old male with blood THg of 15.4 μg/ℓ in the survey and the mercury indices were 12.7 μg/ℓ, 5.7 μg/g, and 11.8 μg/ℓ, respectively, on admission. He was also observed to have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Case 3 was a 10-year-old male child with blood THg of 17.4 μg/ℓ in the survey, and the mercury indices on admission were 21.6 μg/ℓ, 7.5 μg/g and 21.5 μg/ℓ, respectively. In his case, mild attention deficit was observed. Case 4 was a 9-year-old male with blood THg of 20.6 μg/ℓ in the survey and the mercury indices were 18.9 μg/ℓ, 8.3 μg/g, and 14.4 μg/ℓ, respectively, on admission. Mild attention difficulty was observed.

Conclusion

We suggest that fish consumption may be the main source of MeHg exposure, and that MeHg may have been the cause of the neuropsychological deficits in these cases.


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  • Selenium Status: Its Interactions with Dietary Mercury Exposure and Implications in Human Health
    Ujang Tinggi, Anthony V. Perkins
    Nutrients.2022; 14(24): 5308.     CrossRef
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    Deniz Güven, İmran Özbek
    Pediatric Emergency Care.2022; 38(10): 481.     CrossRef
  • Oral methylmercury intoxication aggravates cardiovascular risk factors and accelerates atherosclerosis lesion development in ApoE knockout and C57BL/6 mice
    Janayne L. Silva, Paola C. L. Leocádio, Jonas M. Reis, Gianne P. Campos, Luciano S. A. Capettini, Giselle Foureaux, Anderson J. Ferreira, Cláudia C. Windmöller, Flávia A. Santos, Reinaldo B. Oriá, Maria E. Crespo-López, Jacqueline I. Alvarez-Leite
    Toxicological Research.2021; 37(3): 311.     CrossRef
  • Mercury intoxication resembling pediatric rheumatic diseases: case series and literature review
    Mehmet Yildiz, Amra Adrovic, Aybuke Gurup, Esra Karabag Yilmaz, Yavuz Ozer, Oya Koker, Sezgin Sahin, Ertugrul Kiykim, Nur Canpolat, Kenan Barut, Ozgur Kasapcopur
    Rheumatology International.2020; 40(8): 1333.     CrossRef
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Original Article
An Association between Working Schedules and Depression in Public Sector Employees
Hyeon Taek Heo, Dong Won Kim, Jong Seok Lee, Hyeon A Jo, Seong Sil Jang, Soo Young Kim, In Ah Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(4):347-355.   Published online December 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.4.347
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study determined the work schedules of public project workers who work an irregular shift and assessed the effect of these schedules on depression.
METHODS
Study subjects were 2934 laborers who are members of seven labor unions. Each was given a questionnaire requesting basic personal information, habits, socioeconomic status, and work schedules. Information gathered on work schedules included daytime, nighttime, and weekend work hours. Depression was evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), with Laborers who checked "not depressed" and "slightly depressive" categorized to a low-risk group, whereas laborers who checked "depressed" and "severely depressed" were categorized to a high-risk group. We used the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression to examine associations between work schedules and depression.
RESULTS
Laborers on an irregular work schedule averaged 47.8 hours/week and laborers who working over 48 hours/week comprised over half (54.5%) of the total population. Laborers performing night work, Sunday work, and Saturday work more than once in a month made up 25.7%, 30.8% and 33.5% of the examined population, respectively. A high-risk for depression was identified in 10.4% of laborers. Using logistic regression, depression was statistically associated with working : over 10 hours a day (OR=1.63, 95% CI 1.10~2.43), night work (OR=2.20, 95% CI 1.46~3.32), Sunday work (OR=1.81, 95% CI 1.15~2.85) and Saturday work (OR=1.82 95% CI 1.18~2.82).
CONCLUSION
A significant number of laborers with irregular working shifts work long hours and on weekends. Depression was significantly associated with this type of work schedule.

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    Abdul Karim, Abdal Khan, Mansoor Khan, Jamal Khan, Tariq Habib, Muhammad Ali Shan, Muhammad Yaseen, Sheraz Khan
    NURSEARCHER (Journal of Nursing & Midwifery Sciences).2024; : 17.     CrossRef
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    Young-Hee Noh, Byung-Lim Lee, Ji-In Kim
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    Youn-Jung Son, Eun Kyoung Lee, Yukyung Ko
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2019; 16(21): 4083.     CrossRef
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    Seoyeon Ahn
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    Jungok Yu
    Asian Nursing Research.2017; 11(1): 36.     CrossRef
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    Woorim Kim, Eun-Cheol Park, Tae-Hoon Lee, Tae Hyun Kim
    Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2016; : oemed-2016-103553.     CrossRef
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    Jae Joong Kim, Eun Jung Lee, Kyung-Ran Lee
    Journal of The Korean Society of Food Culture.2016; 31(6): 587.     CrossRef
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    Wookyoun Cho
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    Kyungeun Park, Sooyong Roh, Jihoon Lee, Soon Chan Kwon, Mihye Jeong, Soo-jin Lee
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Hyunkyung Lee, Minsung Sohn, Mankyu Choi
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Review
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity
Hong Jae Chae, Byoung Gwon Kim, Hwan Cheol Kim, Mi Young Lee, Jong Han Leem
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(4):328-338.   Published online December 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.4.328
AbstractAbstract PDF
This article reviews newly available knowledge on multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), a chronic medical condition characterized by symptoms in multiple organ and caused by exposure to low levels of common chemicals. Although various pathophysiological models have been proposed (including toxicological, immunological or behavioral models), the causes and underlying mechanisms of MCS are still not fully understood. Most patients with MCS were women between the ages of 30 and 50 years. The most frequently reported trigger was a newly constructed home or job site. The common symptoms are vague, non-specific complaints: fatigue, difficulty concentrating, poor memory, sneezing/runny nose, headache, and muscle pain. There are no laboratory markers or specific investigative findings for MCS. The Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI)(c) has been used as a screening questionnaire. Treatment focuses on assisting patients at the earliest possible opportunity to reduce their exposure to unique symptom triggers and known hazardous chemicals. Early comprehensive assessment, medical management, and social and financial support might avoid the deterioration of functions associated with prolonged illness.

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  • MCS/IEI Prevalence Rate of Workers Around an Accidental Release of Hydrogen Fluoride in Gumi Industrial Complex
    Hye-Ji Han, Kuck-Hyeun Woo, Sung-Yong Choi, Byoung-Hak Jeon, Sangjun Choi
    Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2015; 25(4): 534.     CrossRef
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Review
Nonspecific Building Related Illnesses
Chunhui Suh, Eun Hee Ha, Yun Chul Hong, Yoo Mi Chae, Kyu Jin Chang, Jungwon Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(4):319-327.   Published online December 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.4.319
AbstractAbstract PDF
Nonspecific building related illnesses (NBRI) are an array of diverse symptoms related to working in particular buildings. There are numerous contributing factors, including basic factors (temperature, humidity and ventilation) as well as chemicals, dust, microorganisms, and psychosocial factors. At the individual level, taking a careful history is the essential first step. After ruling out other diseases, clinicians can start the symptomatic treatment for NBRI. If a relationship to the building is suspected, a walk through evaluation is very helpful. At the group level, standardized questionnaires and investigations of the building environment can be applied simultaneously. If the prevalence of symptoms are greater than that of general population, appropriate interventions have to be provided for prevention and group health care. In both approaches, it is essential to periodically follow up with symptomatic patients and work environments after an intervention. For the management of NBRI, taking care of the patient's symptoms and maintaining a good indoor environment are important. To achieve this goal, cooperation among workers, building managers, employers and occupational health staff is crucial.

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Case Report
An Occupational Erythema Multifome Case of a Worker Exposed to Dichlone and 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine in a Dye Manufacturing Process
Jae Seung Yong, Jung Won Kim, Eun A Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(3):311-318.   Published online September 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.3.311
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
In Korea, the only case of occupational erythema multiforme was found to be due to Bolivian rosewood, but there has been no case due to occupational chemicals in the manufacturing industry. Here, we report a case of erythema multiforme caused by dichlone and 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine(DCB) in a dye worker.
CASE
REPORT: We report a 43-year-old male worker manifesting erythema multiforme-like skin lesions during the DCB synthesis, The patient's dermatitis was relieved when he avoided the process, and it became aggravated when he restarted his work. Patch and prick tests confirmed positive irritant reactions to two chemicals.
CONCLUSION
This case was diagnosed as erythema multiforme based on clinical manifestations. Symptoms worsened upon exposure to chemicals while avoiding exposure improved symptoms. Skin test results showed that dichlone and 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine induced irritant reactions. We assume that erythema multiforme occurring in workers is an occupational skin disease likely caused by dichlone and 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine.

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Case Report
A Study Regarding the Work Fitness of a Manufacturing Worker Suffering from a Stroke and Muscle Weakness
Eun Kwang Ryu, Jae Seung Yong, Jung Won Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(3):294-303.   Published online September 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.3.294
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Occupational health and safety guidelines have the goals of protecting workers, helping them to adapt to their working environment, and to promote their health and ability. In the work fitness evaluations done by occupational medicine doctors, one of their subjective duties is to assess a worker's working ability so as not to affect the health of the worker or his/her co-workers. A worker's functional capacity and reasonable accommodations should be considered. We studied a case regarding cerebral hemorrhage and muscle weakness after renal disease.
CASE
This patient was a male who worked at a tobacco company. He suffered from acute renal failure in 2003. In 2004, during his treatment, a convulsion-seizure occurred. This patient had non-specific findings in family history, blood studies, urinary analysis, mental status examination, and showed no signs of depression. There was a decrease in muscle power found during a physical examination. As a result, an occupational and environmental doctor and an industrial hygienist went to the worker's company in order to analyze the workers tasks. They concluded that there were some problems regarding the worker' s daily activities. When considering reasonable accommodation it was determined that such cases could work in the qualify control department instead of current job, assembly department.
CONCLUSIONS
Throughout this case, we considered the work compatibility of the various complications arising from a cerebral hemorrhage and convulsion-seizure disease which occurred to a factory worker who suffered from acute renal failure. We recommend it essential to create work compatibility guidelines regarding this case presentations, ensuring consistency to the efforts made by health care workers and physicians.

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Original Article
Cross Sectional Study on the Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Associated Factors among Elementary School Students Living nearby Shihwa-Banwol Industrial Complex
Dong Won Kim, Jeong Eun Lee, Woo Chul Jung, Ki Chul Nam, Ye Won Bang, Se Jin Kim, Soo Young Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(3):252-262.   Published online September 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.3.252
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) as well as the relationship between ADHD and related factors among elementary school students living nearby Shihwa-Banwol industrial complex.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 573 elementary students living nearby Shihwa-Banwol industrial complex. Dupaul ADHD rating scales were used for assessment of ADHD. Information on age, gender, birth weight, family history, environmental factors including second-hand smoke, house income, house type, bring up a child, road proximity and behavioral factors including outside activity time, eating habits, and cell phone usage were based on data from self-administered questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed, and all odds ratios were adjusted according to age and gender.
RESULTS
The prevalence of ADHD was 9.4%, and those aged 10 years were the most affected. Male elementary school students were 3.19 times (95% CI:1.71~5.93) more likely to have ADHD than females. ADHD was significantly associated with family history of mental disease (adjusted OR 8.69; 95%CI 1.93~39.22), lack of cell phones usage (adjusted OR 2.27; 95%CI 1.21~4.26), a road adjacent to child's residence (adjusted OR 2.21; 95%CI 1.20~4.05) and lack of seafood consumption (adjusted OR 2.08; 95%CI 1.08~4.00).
CONCLUSIONS
More research effort should be focused on determining the prevalence of ADHD and relevant factors among children living nearby industrial complexes.

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  • Dietary Factors Associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in School-aged Children
    Minji An, Hyojin An, Hwang-Hyo Jeong, Ho-Jang Kwon, Mina Ha, Yun-Chul Hong, Soo-Jong Hong, Se-Young Oh
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2018; 23(5): 397.     CrossRef
  • Blood lead, parental marital status and the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in elementary school children: A longitudinal study
    Won-Jun Choi, Ho-Jang Kwon, Myung Ho Lim, Ji-Ae Lim, Mina Ha
    Psychiatry Research.2016; 236: 42.     CrossRef
  • The Guideline of Diagnosis and Treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Developed by ADHD Translational Research Center
    Sumin Lee, Jae-Won Choi, Kyoung-Min Kim, Jun Won Kim, Sooyeon Kim, Taewoong Kang, Johanna Inhyang Kim, Young Sik Lee, Bongseog Kim, Doug Hyun Han, Jae Hoon Cheong, Soyoung Irene Lee, Gi Jung Hyun, Bung-Nyun Kim
    Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.2016; 27(4): 236.     CrossRef
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Original Article
Influence of Job Stress Change on Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference among Male White-Collar Workers: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study
Jiwon Kim, Hyoung Ryoul Kim, Se Eun Kim, Sung Mi Jang, Jung Wan Koo
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(2):180-188.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.2.180
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To reveal the influence of job stress change on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in white-collar male workers.
METHODS
A total of 277 male workers in a Korean R&D company were enrolled between 2008 and 2010. Baseline and follow-up data were collected with structured self-administered questionnaires and anthropometric measurements by nurses. The questionnaire survey included general and work-related characteristics and the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF). The job stress scores in each examination were dichotomized at the median values for the Korean workers and categorized into four groups as follows: Group I: Both low job stress (2008, 2010), Group II: High job stress (2008) & low job stress (2010), Group III: Low job stress (2008) & high job stress (2010), Group IV: Both high job stress (2008, 2010). Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to determine the influence of job stress change on BMI and waist circumference.
RESULTS
The adjusted odds ratio for the change in waist circumference above the 75th percentile for Group IV in 'job demand' increased more than in Group I (OR = 2.54 95% CI=1.06~5.55). Also, Group IV in 'job demand' has higher odds ratio for change in BMI above the 75th percentile than Group I (OR=2.25 95% CI=1.01~5.00). Adjusted odds ratios comparing Group II to Group I for the change in waist circumference above the 75th percentile were 0.36 (95% CI=0.15~0.87) in 'inadequate social support', 0.12 (95% CI=0.02~0.98) in 'lack of reward', 0.25 (95% CI=0.08~0.80) in 'total score', respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that sustained high job control is a risk factor for abdominal obesity and weight gain. Also, diminished job stress has a negative influence on change in abdominal obesity. Further studies are required to establish job stress intervention plans.

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  • The association between occupational stress level and health-related productivity loss among Korean employees
    Jonghee Chung, Jin-Hyo Kim, Jae Yoon Lee, Hee Seok Kang, Dong-wook Lee, Yun-Chul Hong, Mo-Yeol Kang
    Epidemiology and Health.2022; 45: e2023009.     CrossRef
  • Factors affecting on stages of change in exercise behavior of local government officials based on Transtheoretical Model
    Min-ju Je, Bohyun Park
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2021; 38(5): 21.     CrossRef
  • Converged Study of Influencing Factors on Occupational Stress in Workers
    Eun Kyung Lee, Jin-Hwa Park
    Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2016; 7(3): 15.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Lumbar Stabilization Exercise Program on the Ratio of Abdominal and Back Muscle Strength in White Collar Workers
    Bo-Ram Kim, Sun-Wook Park, Han-Suk Lee
    The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy.2015; 27(6): 419.     CrossRef
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Case Report
A Case of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in a Worker Treating Pesticide Wastes
Soon Choy, Jung Won Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(4):480-487.   Published online December 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.4.480
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease involving the motor neuron of the cerebrum, brain stem, and spinal cord. It has been suggested that various occupational or environmental agents could be a cause of ALS. We report upon a case of a person contracting ALS who experienced a long-time exposure to pesticides, implying that pesticides are probable causal agents of ALS.
CASE REPORTS
The patient has been experiencing shoulder pain and limitation of movement that started abruptly about three years ago. Over time, these symptoms have become aggravated despite ongoing therapies including medication. After two years, he was diagnosed with ALS through electromyography, nerve conduction velocity and many laboratory tests at a university hospital in Seoul. His social and medical history was non-specific. The patient had worked for about 15 years at a waste disposal site and mainly destroyed glass bottles containing pesticides. During this period, his respiratory tract and skin were exposed to various raw pesticides without appropriate personal protective equipment. He did this job one or two times a week and worked for two or more hours without a break. Through an investigation into the patient's working environment, significant levels of dichlorvos, one of the organophosphates, were detected.
CONCLUSIONS
The study results revealed that the patient was exposed to considerable doses of pesticides as opposed to men spraying pesticides. Although controversial, pesticide exposures have been associated with ALS. However, we suggest that in this case the possibility that these pesticide exposures acted as a causal agent for the diagnosed ALS based on plausible biological mechanisms and epidemiologic data.

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  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Agricultural Environments: A Systematic Review
    Hyun Kang, Eun Shil Cha, Geun Joo Choi, Won Jin Lee
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2014; 29(12): 1610.     CrossRef
  • Pesticides and human chronic diseases: Evidences, mechanisms, and perspectives
    Sara Mostafalou, Mohammad Abdollahi
    Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.2013; 268(2): 157.     CrossRef
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Original Article
Estimation of Demand and Supply for Occupational and Environmental Medicine Specialties in Korea (II): Demand Estimation and Demand-Supply Balance
Yoomi Chae, Jungwon Kim, Jonghan Leem
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(1):80-88.   Published online March 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.1.80
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To estimate the demand and demand-supply balances of occupational and environmental medical specialties (OEMS) in the target year of 2020.
METHODS
We adopted a new OEMS demand model based on the situations of periodic workers' health examination (PHE) agencies, health management agencies (HMA), and legal enforcement for health and safety systems in Korea. The model uses data selected primarily from the database of the Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (KSOEM), a survey for certified members of KSOEM, statistics and internal documents from the Ministry of Employment and Labor (MOEL).
RESULTS
From the data and assumptions, newly demanded OEMS were 193 for workers who had received PHE, and 205 based on total workers for PHE in 2020 for PHE. But no OEMS for HMA area is demanded. Comparing with the calculated numbers of supply estimates, the demand was slightly higher, but could be balanced if MOEL kept consistent and unchanging policies.
CONCLUSIONS
The study results suggest that the demand-supply balance of OEMS is mainly influenced by the policy of MOEL. Further studies are needed examining more detailed data and statistics about PHE agencies, HMA and considering MOEL policies are needed to configuring more sophisticated and need-included estimation.

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  • Residency programs and the outlook for occupational and environmental medicine in Korea
    Youngil Lee, Jungwon Kim, Yoomi Chae
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Original Article
Estimation of Demand and Supply for Occupational and Environmental Medicine Specialties in Korea (I): Estimation of Supply
Jungwon Kim, Yoomi Chae, Jonghan Leem
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(1):71-79.   Published online March 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.1.71
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To estimate the supply of occupational and environmental medicine specialties in the target year of 2020.
METHODS
We adopted alternative projection models combined with a demographic method as a supply forecasting method. The model uses data selected primarily from the database of the Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (KSOEM), a survey for certified members of KSOEM, audit data from the Ministry of Employment and Labor (MOEL) and Hospital Accreditation. We assumed five viable alternatives in supply forecasting.
RESULTS
Depending on the assumptions, the total occupational and environmental medicine specialties supply ranged from 706 by low-level supply estimates to 754 by high-level supply estimates in 2020. Among them, approximately 81% were estimated to engage themselves in agency for health management and periodic health examinations for workers exposed to hazards.
CONCLUSIONS
The study results suggest that the supply of occupational and environmental medicine specialties is related to the policy of MOEL. Further studies are needed concerning overall policy about health and safety and for the newly demanded market.

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  • Residency programs and the outlook for occupational and environmental medicine in Korea
    Youngil Lee, Jungwon Kim, Yoomi Chae
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • General Background and Practical Implementation of the Health Management Service Institution in Korea
    Shintaro OKAHARA, Byeong-Woo LEE, Takayuki OGASAWARA, Koji MORI
    Journal of UOEH.2014; 36(3): 217.     CrossRef
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Original Article
The Reliability and Validity of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) for Nurses for the Assessment of Workplace Bullying
Woong Nam, Ji Won Kim, Yong Kyu Kim, Jung Wan Koo, Chung Yill Park
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(2):129-139.   Published online June 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.2.129
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to assess the reliability, the validity, the psychological characteristics, and the internal structure of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) for nurses for the assessment of the workplace bullying.
METHODS
A total of 190 female nurses who worked in a university hospital and who had participated in an annual health surveillance program were recruited into the study. A structured questionnaire was used to evaluate each participant's workplace bullying, job stress, and psychosocial wellbeing. Workplace bullying was assessed using the negative acts questionnaire-revised (NAQ-R), job stress was assessed using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF) and psychosocial wellbeing was assessed using the Psychosocial Wellbeing Index-Short Form (PWI-SF). Resulting answers from the questionnaires were analyzed by chi-square, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and factor analysis.
RESULTS
Victims of workplace bullying of nurses in a hospital is 37(19%) based on operational bullying criteria. The Cronbach's alpha for the negative acts questionnaire-revised (NAQ-R) is 0.9260. By exploratory factor analysis, we conclude that 3 factor are most relevant. Criterion validity was satisfied with that a negative acts questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) resulting in a statistically significant and positive relationship with PWI-SF , construct validity was satisfied with that NAQ-R has statistically significant and high positive correlation with the occupational climate of the KOSS results.
CONCLUSIONS
The negative acts questionnaire-revised (NAQ-R) is a reliable and valid tool for the assessment of workplace bullying in the hospital nurse. By using this tool, we can imply the prevalence of and the condition of workplace bullying among the nurse.

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    Younju Lee, Eun Jin Lee
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2014; 31(1): 57.     CrossRef
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    Younju Lee, Mihyoung Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2014; 44(2): 209.     CrossRef
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    Mi Ra Han, Jeung Ah Gu, Il Young Yoo
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2014; 20(4): 383.     CrossRef
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    Seonyoung Yun, Jiyeon Kang
    Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2014; 26(5): 553.     CrossRef
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    Jung Hee Han, In Soon Yang, Young-Hee Yom
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2013; 19(5): 578.     CrossRef
  • Relationships of Workplace Bullying to Self-esteem and Turnover Intention among Clinical Nurses at Small and Medium-sized Hospitals
    So Eun Choi, Sam Sun Lee, Sang Dol Kim
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2013; 22(4): 267.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Workplace Bullying and Job Stress on Turnover Intention in Hospital Nurses
    Younju Lee, Mihyoung Lee, Kunsook Bernstein
    Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2013; 22(2): 77.     CrossRef
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Original Article
Blood and Urinary Cadmium Concentration of Residents around Abandoned Metal Mines in Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do
Hyo Jun Kim, Byoung Gwon Kim, Dae Seon Kim, Jeong Wook Seo, Byeng Chul Yu, Young Wook Kim, Young Seoub Hong
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(1):1-10.   Published online March 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.1.1
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the blood and urinary cadmium concentration levels of around abandoned metal mines in comparison with a control group.
METHODS
Blood and urinary cadmium concentration levels were analyzed through investigations of the dietary habits and dietary water of subjects living near abandoned metal mines (exposure group) (n=190) in comparison with those living in designated control areas (control group) (n=256).
RESULTS
The blood cadmium (1.93 microgram/l) and urinary cadmium (2.41 microgram/g cr) concentrations of the exposure group were significantly higher than those of the control group (blood cadmium: 1.19 microgram/l, urinary cadmium: 1.94 microgram/g cr). Both concentrations were significantly higher in vegetarians in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS
The exposure group had higher blood and urinary cadmium concentrations than the control group. We attributed the elevated blood and urine cadmium levels in the abandoned mine residents to the influence of the abandoned mine sites.

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  • Association between levels of exposure to heavy metals and renal function indicators of residents in environmentally vulnerable areas
    Jung-Yeon Kwon, Seungho Lee, Ulziikhishig Surenbaatar, Hyoun-Ju Lim, Byoung-Gwon Kim, Sang-Yong Eom, Yong Min Cho, Woo Jin Kim, Byeng-Chul Yu, Kwan Lee, Young-Seoub Hong
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Health Effect and Blood Lead Concentration among Residents in Gwangyang and Yeosu
    Heejin Park, Myung-Kyu Park, Tack-Shin Kang, Geun-Bae Kim, Jong-Wha Lee, Bong-Ki Jang, Bu-Soon Son
    Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2016; 42(3): 205.     CrossRef
  • Urinary Cadmium Concentration of Residents around Industrial Complex in Gwangyang and Yeosu
    Heejin Park, Tack-Shin Kang, Jong-Dae Lee, Geun-Bae Kim, Seungdo Yu, Bong-Ki Jang, Jong-Wha Lee, Bu-Soon Son
    Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2015; 25(3): 338.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Urine Cadmium and Bone Mineral Density of Residents Around Abandoned Metal Mines
    Kyung-Sick Jung, Nam-Soo Kim, Seung-Chul Ahn, Byung-Kook Lee
    Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2012; 38(4): 323.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Heavy Metal Concentrations in the Soil with the Blood and Urine of Residents around Abandoned Metal Mines
    Bong-Ki Jang, Sang-Il Park, Nam-Soo Kim, Kyung-Sick Jung, Byung-Kook Lee, Jong-Wha Lee
    Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2011; 37(5): 348.     CrossRef
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Original Article
The Effects of the Structural Unemployment on Health-related Behavior and Health
Daegyun Hong, Jungwon Kim, Dongmug Kang
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(4):346-353.   Published online December 31, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.4.346
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to examine the effects of unemployment on health-related behavioral changes and worker's health, and to produce the basic data that is needed to formulate the necessary measures for reducing the health hazards and social costs caused by unemployment.
METHODS
A questionnaire survey was conducted with a group of 123 people who had lost their jobs due to structural unemployment (the unemployment group) and with a group of 155 employed people (the employment group). The 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used as a tool for evaluating the demographic characteristics, the health-related behaviors and the health level.
RESULTS
Irregular mealtimes and increased smoking and drinking rates were observed in the unemployment group (P<0.05). The results of the logistic regression analysis that was conducted after correcting for the confounding variable showed that in the unemployment group, unlike in the employment group, the odds ratio of the group with a low health level score on the SF-36 has a significant difference in "Role limitation resulting from physical problems" (OR 2.20, 95% CI=1.01~4.78), "Role limitation resulting from emotional problems" (OR 4.51, 95% CI=1.90~10.69) and "Mental health" (OR 3.43, 95% CI=1.52~7.74) among the eight lower areas.
CONCLUSIONS
Unemployment causes a negative change in health-related behaviors and lower levels of mental and physical health. Systematic research must be conducted to promote good health among unemployed workers and to reduce their social costs.

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  • Material hardship and self-rated health among low-income households in South Korea
    Jaeseung Kim, RaeHyuck Lee, Joyce Shim
    Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development.2018; 28(4): 279.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Health Counseling Programs by Occupational Health Nurses on the Unemployed Visiting the Employment Welfare Plus Center
    Hye-Sun Jung, Insun Jang
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2016; 25(3): 188.     CrossRef
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Case Report
A Case of Occupational Asthma and Rhinitis Suspected to be Caused by Exposure to Ethyl Cyanoacrylate
Soon Woo Jang, Ki Chul Nam, Hyung Joon Jhun, Byoung Gwon Kim, Jong Tae Park
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(3):283-288.   Published online September 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.3.283
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Ethyl cyanoacrylate is used as a component of adhesives used in the industrial, domestic, and medical fields. It is known to cause mucosal irritation, contact dermatitis and respiratory discomfort. However, reports of combined occupational asthma and rhinitis are rare, especially in Korea. We report a case of occupational asthma and rhinitis suspected to be caused by exposure to ethyl cyanoacrylate.
CASE
REPORT: A 36-year-old woman presented with rhinorrhea, cough, dyspnea and chest discomfort after exposure to ethyl cyanoacrylate adhesive at an assembly area of a plastic products manufacturing company. Nasal endoscopy revealed watery rhinorrhea and hypertrophy of nasal turbinates, which were compatible with rhinitis. The methacholine provocation test showed a positive result. Daily variability of peak expiratory flow increased on work days, but decreased during non-work days. Based on these findings, we diagnosed this case as a combination of occupational asthma and rhinitis suspected to be caused by exposure to ethyl cyanoacrylate.
CONCLUSION
There needs to be increased awareness regarding occupational asth-ma and rhinitis caused by exposure to ethyl cyanoacrylate.

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Original Article
The Factors Related to Health-related Quality of Life(HRQOL), and Correlation between Occupational Stress and HRQOL among Municipal Fire Officers in Incheon
Kyungjin Lee, Hyeontaeck Heo, Dongwon Kim, Inah Kim, Sooyoung Kim, Junrae Rho, Sooyoung Jung, Jehyeok Mun
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(3):267-275.   Published online September 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.3.267
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to investigate the factors related to HRQOL, and a correlation between occupational stress and HRQOL among municipal fire officers.
METHODS
In November 2005, 341 male municipal fire officers submitted to the following tests: A general questionnaire, a medical questionnaire, the Korean Occupational Stress Scale Short Form(KOSSSF), and the SmithKline Beecham quality of life scale (SBQOL).
RESULTS
Back pain (OR=3.54, 95% C.I.=1.81-6.93) and occupational stress (OR=6.33, 95% C.I.=3.12-12.83) were significantly related to poor HRQOL scores among municipal fire officers, and there is negative relationship between KOSS-SF score and SBQOL score. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the medium occupational stress group (OR=2.21, 95% C.I.=1.04-4.71) and the high occupational stress group (OR=6.33, 95% C.I.=3.12-12.83) were more significantly associated with poor HRQOL than low occupational stress group.
CONCLUSIONS
Among municipal fire officers, back pain and occupational stress were found to be related to their HRQOL. Based on this study, we suggest that the management of back pain and occupational stress are instrumental to improving the HRQOL among municipal fire officers.

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    Woo‐Hyuk Jang, Da‐Som Kim, Hye‐Won Park, Ji‐Hoon Kim
    Brain and Behavior.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Study on the Relationship between Firefighters Disease and Health Status
    Ho-Jung Kang, Sung-Ho Byun, Chul-Hwan Mun, Yu-Jung Choi, Jae-Wook Choi
    Fire Science and Engineering.2020; 34(5): 86.     CrossRef
  • Associations between Supervisor and Coworker Support and Parenting Stress among Employed Mothers with Nonstandard Work Schedules
    Woosang Hwang, Kamala Ramadoss
    Journal of Social Service Research.2020; 46(5): 693.     CrossRef
  • A Study on the Relationship between Fatigue Level, Job Stress and Quality of Life for Workers
    Yunyoung Kim, Hye-Sun Hyun, Jong Hyang Yoo
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2015; 24(4): 372.     CrossRef
  • Effects of sleep quality and occupational stress on health-related quality of life among a university's security workers
    Gun Woo Park, Su-Jin Goh, Dong Ha Kim, Hye Lim Kim, Jin Kwan Park, Soo-Young Yu, Du Young Jeong, Jin-Hee Chun, Soon-Young Hwang, Sung-Il Cho
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2015; 32(3): 73.     CrossRef
  • Impact of symptoms of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders on health related Quality of Life in firefighter under the IT environment
    Gyung-Jae Oh, Jeong-Mi Lee, Chung-Yong Yang, Hyung-Ju Park, Yun-Hee Park, Chan-Uk Yoo, Eun-Yeong Kang, Bok-Hee Chong
    The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences.2014; 9(3): 311.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Foot Pressure according to the Work Postures on Fire Fighters
    Sung Min Son, Hyo Lyun Roh
    Journal of the Korean Society of Safety.2013; 28(1): 88.     CrossRef
  • Influencing Factors on Health Promotion Behavior of Fire Officers
    Ja-Ok Kim, Ja-Sook Kim, A-Yong Park, Su-Jeong Han
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2013; 22(3): 218.     CrossRef
  • Health Hazards in Firefighters
    Kyoo Sang Kim
    Hanyang Medical Reviews.2010; 30(4): 296.     CrossRef
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  • 9 Crossref
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Original Article
A Comparison of KOSHA's Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment and the Predicted 10-year Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Developed by Jee for a Male Workers at a Wallpaper and Floor Covering Manufacturer
Kyungjin Yi, Hyeontaeck Heo, Dongwon Kim, Inah Kim, Sooyoung Kim, Junrae Rho, Jehyeok Mun
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(2):174-183.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.2.174
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between KOSHA's cardiovascular disease risk assessment and the predicted 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease developed by Jee. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data were obtained from a structured questionnaire survey and medical examination of 509 male workers aged 30-59 years employed at a wallpaper and floor covering workplace in May 2008. We calculated KOSHA's cardiovascular disease risk assessment and Jee's predicted 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease. A high risk of cardiovascular disease was defined as the upper 10th percentile of Jee's predicted 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon rank sum test, Kruskal Wallis test and a logistic regression model.
RESULTS
Jee's predicted 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease significantly increased as KOSHA's cardiovascular disease risk increased. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the group with 3 or more cardiovascular disease risk factors according to KOSHA's model was more likely to experience cardiovascular disease within 10 years(OR=34.4, 95% C.I.=4.4-267.2).
CONCLUSIONS
KOSHA's cardiovascular disease risk assessment was fairly well associated with Jee's predicted 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease and was believed to be a practical and convenient method of preventing cardiovascular disease at the workplace.

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  • Comparing Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency and National Health Insurance Service’s cardio-cerebrovascular diseases risk-assessment tools using data from one hospital’s health checkups
    Yunrae Cho, Dong Geon Kim, Byung-Chan Park, Seonhee Yang, Sang Kyu Kim
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Overall and cardiovascular mortality according to 10-year cardiovascular risk of the general health checkup: the Kangbuk Samsung Cohort Study
    Youshik Jeong, Yesung Lee, Eunchan Mun, Eunhye Seo, Daehoon Kim, Jaehong Lee, Jinsook Jeong, Woncheol Lee
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Original Article
Association between Job Stress and Alexithymic Traits
Seong Jin Ryu, Ja Hyun Kim, Soon Woo Jang, Hyung Joon Jhun, Byoung Gwon Kim, Jong Tae Park
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008;20(4):295-301.   Published online December 31, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2008.20.4.295
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
We evaluated the association between job stress and alexithymic traits in Korean workers.
METHODS
Workers (n=521) who visited two university hospitals for medical check-ups were recruited for this study. Job stress was evaluated using the Korean version of Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), and alexithymic traits were assessed using the Korean version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20K). Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of job stress scales (job strain, job insecurity, and job dissatisfaction) with alexithymic traits(total TAS score > or =52) were calculated.
RESULTS
High job strain compared with low strain had a high, but insignificant association with alexithymic traits (adjusted OR, 2.26; 95% CI, 0.93-5.44). High job insecurity (adjusted OR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.21-4.22), and high job dissatisfaction (adjusted OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.06-3.74) had significant associations with alexithymic traits.
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that job stress is associated with alexithymic traits in workers.

Citations

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  • Retraction Notice to: "Association between Job Stress and Alexithymic Traits" [Korean J Occup Environ Med 20(4) (2008) 295-301] and "Estimated Number of Korean Workers with Back Pain and Population-based Associated Factors of Back Pain: Data from the Four

    Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2011; 23(3): 350.     CrossRef
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Case Report
A Case of Chronic Renal Failure and Renal Cancer in a Worker Exposed to Lead
Somin Park, Jongeun Kim, Jungwon Kim, Daegyun Hong, Sangbum Ye, Dongmug Kang, Euna Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008;20(3):272-281.   Published online September 30, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2008.20.3.272
AbstractAbstract PDF
INTRODUCTION: Studies evaluating rats and mice have provided convincing evidence that renal adenoma and carcinoma are induced by oral doses of lead acetate and lead subacetate, as well as by parenteral doses of lead phosphate. In addition, at least 2 cases of kidney cancer associated with heavy exposure to lead have been reported. However, there is still not enough information to confirm or rule out an association between kidney cancer and exposure to lead.
CASE
REPORT: In this study, we describe a case of kidney cancer in 54-year-old male worker that was exposed to lead-stearate while employed in the polyvinyl chloride processing industry for 17 years. The patient presented with gout and hypertension. Further examination revealed proteinuria, glucose in the urine and elevated blood urea nitrogen/creatinine levels. Renal ultrasonography, renal computed tomography and renal biopsy revealed chronic renal failure and renal cell cancer.
CONCLUSION
We concluded that the gout and chronic renal failure in this case was caused by chronic lead exposure. However, further study is required to determine if the renal cancer was induced by lead exposure.

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    Zuoyin Zhu, Jie Wang, Haisheng Cheng, Hanke Zhao, Chengbin Liu, Xinli Zhou, Junhua Yang
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.2025; 73(4): 2573.     CrossRef
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